Unit MACHINE

Course
Industrial engineering
Study-unit Code
70300012
Curriculum
In all curricula
CFU
12
Course Regulation
Coorte 2020
Offered
2022/23
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa integrata

POWER PLANTSDESIGN & OPTIMIZATION

Code 70002806
CFU 6
Teacher Francesco Fantozzi
Teachers
  • Francesco Fantozzi
Hours
  • 54 ore - Francesco Fantozzi
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Ingegneria energetica
Academic discipline ING-IND/08
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)

TURBOMACHINERY DESIGN & OPTIMIZATION

Code 70034406
CFU 6
Teacher Michele Battistoni
Teachers
  • Michele Battistoni
Hours
  • 54 ore - Michele Battistoni
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Ingegneria energetica
Academic discipline ING-IND/08
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents Introduction to fluid and thermal machines.
Power generating and power absorbing turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid.
Power generating and power absorbing turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid.
Volumetric power generating and power absorbing machines.
Reference texts Intructor's notes and personal notes.
Course Book: V. Dossena et al., Macchine a fluido, Città Studi Edizioni, 2nd edition, 2020

Additional Reference books:
- G. Bidini, Turbomacchine, Ed. Anteo, Perugia, 2008
- C. Caputo, Le Turbomacchine, Ambrosiana 1994
- G. Manfrida, S. Stecco, Le Turbomacchine, Pitagora Ed. 1993
- G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine Idrauliche, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015
- G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Scienze Termiche e Macchine a Vapore, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015
- G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine a Gas, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015
Educational objectives Acquire knowledge and skills concerning the analysis, selection and design of fluid machinery and components.
Prerequisites knowledge of previous courses: Fisica Tecnica, Fisica and Analisi Matematica
Teaching methods - lectures
- exercises
Other information
Learning verification modality - written test
- oral test
Extended program Introduction to fluid and thermal machines. Classification of Fluid Machinery: turbo- and volumetric machines, incompressible and compressible fluid. Theory of similitude, dimensional analysis. Reynolds number, Mach number, the specific speed, flow coefficients and pressure coefficient. Boundary layer, lift and drag of a profile. Basic equations of fluid mechanics. Turbine blades, phenomenology of the flow through orifices and blade passages.
Power generating turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid: steam turbines and gas turbines. Fluid dynamics of expansion nozzles, rotating and fixed vanes; static and total flow quantities; Hugoniot equations; Stodola cone, criteria for nozzle sizing; velocity triangles; work exchange between fluid and blades; degree of reaction; stage efficiency; volumetric efficiency; effect of steam humidity; multi-stage turbines; turbine types; three-dimensional effects; part-load operation of turbines. Basics of radial flow turbines. Steam turbine and gas turbine stages. Refrigeration of gas turbine blades.
Power absorbing turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid: centrifugal and axial compressors. Introduction to centrifugal compressors; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves; slip factor, diffuser and volute. Sizing of a centrifugal compressor. Introduction to axial compressors; blades, vanes, stages; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves. Sizing of an axial compressor stage. Flow phenomenology through vanes. Limits of 1D approach; pressure profiles. Compressors in a system; stalling and surging.
Power generating turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid: hydraulic turbines. Equations for incompressible flows; Bernoulli's equation; basics of hydroelectric power generation. Hydraulic turbine features; Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines. Degree of reaction; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves. Cavitation.
Power absorbing turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid: pumps. Centrifugal pumps. Blades, vanes, velocity triangles; performance curves; diffuser, volute. Cavitation. NPSH, Pump-circuit system. Serial and parallel configuration. Centrifugal pump design.
Volumetric power generating and power absorbing machines. Positive displacement machines: volumetric pumps, piston pumps, screw pumps. Performance curves.
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