Unit ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
- Course
- Chemistry
- Study-unit Code
- GP000255
- Curriculum
- In all curricula
- Teacher
- Francesca Nunzi
- Teachers
-
- Francesca Nunzi
- Morena Nocchetti (Codocenza)
- Hours
- 73 ore - Francesca Nunzi
- 24 ore (Codocenza) - Morena Nocchetti
- CFU
- 9
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2022
- Offered
- 2022/23
- Learning activities
- Caratterizzante
- Area
- Discipline chimiche analitiche e ambientali
- Academic discipline
- CHIM/01
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa monodisciplinare
- Language of instruction
- Italian
- Contents
- The course aims to provide students with the basics of chemical analysis in solution and its use in volumetric quantitative analysis, including through practical individual exercises in laboratory.
In particular, the students who attended the course:
- They know how to report the result of an experimental measure;
- They know the acid-base equilibria, the equilibrium of formation of precipitates and complexes;
- They know how electrodes for potentiometric and conducting measurements work;
- They can calibrate the glassware for volumetric analysis;
- They can determine the unknown concentrations of analytes present in aqueous solution by acid-base, precipitation, complexation and redox reactions;
- They are able to carry on measure with a potentiometer or with a conductivity meter. - Reference texts
- 1. Daniel C. Harris Chimica Analitica Quantitativa 2017 Zanichelli
2. Daniel C. Harris Fondamenti di Chimica Analitica Quantitativa 2017 Zanichelli
3. D.A. Skoog - D.M. West - F. G. Holler - S.R. Crouch - Fondamenti di Chimica Analitica III Edizione EdiSES NAPOLI 2015
4. Valerio Di Marco, Paolo Pastore, G. Giorgio Bombi Chimica analitica. Trattazione algebrica e grafica degli equilibri chimici in soluzione acquosa Edises 2015
5. John R. Taylor Introduzione all’ analisi degli errori Lo studio delle incertezze nelle misure fisiche Zanichelli 2000
6. Silvia Araneo Esercizi della chimica analitica con richiami di teoria Società editrice Esculapio 2014
7. Laboratory Experiments in Analytical Chemistry Maurice O. Iwunze AuthorHouse 2016 - Educational objectives
- Students are expected to acquire knowledge of the fundamental principles of analytical chemistry,
with particular attention devoted to chemical equilibria in solution. - Prerequisites
- In order to be able to understand and apply the techniques considered within the Course, it is necessary that the student has successfully passed the exam of General and Inorganic Chemistry 1 and that he has attended to the lab of the Elements of Inorganic Chemistry and Lab of Inorganic Chemistry course. In particular, it is essential that the student has fully understood the fundamental rules of the stoichiometric calculation and the principles governing the equilibria in acqueous solution and that he knows how to manage eoth the precision and non precision glassware.
- Teaching methods
- The course is organized as follows:
- lectures on the subjects of the course;
- practical analysis in lab aiming at the quantitative determination of some analytes in acqueous solution. Students are generally divided into two or three groups (35 students maximum for each group) and the laboratory exercises will be held in two or three turns, each one of 3 or 4 hours. - Other information
- Teacher's e-mail:
francesca.nunzi_at_unipg.it
(please, replace at with @) - Learning verification modality
- During the semester, students must work autonomously in the laboratory exercises. They are also invited to fill in and deliver to the teacher the lab papers containing the results of the analyzes carried out. Both the methods of carrying out the laboratory exercises and the obtained results contribute to the final evaluation. Examination takes place through a written test (solving of numerical problems) plus an oral interview lasting 30-45 minutes on the course content and on laboratory analysis.
For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or DSA please visit the web page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa. - Extended program
- Frontal lessons (9 CFU)
- Theoretical and practical aspects of an analytical process. - Fundamental theoretical principles of chemical reactions in solution.
- Phases of a typical qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis.
- Interferences in analytical chemistry and their treatment. - Studies of the experimental feasibility criteria of an analytical determination.
- General aspects of direct and indirect volumetric analytical processes.
- Study of the factors that regulate the solubility of poorly soluble substances.
- Error associated with a measurement. - Precision, accuracy and reliability of an experimental result.
- Preparation of standard solutions.
- Theoretical and experimental titration curves. - Mathematical equation that describes the titration curve of a generic volumetric analytical process.
- Criteria for identifying the equivalent point in theoretical and experimental symmetrical and non-symmetrical titration curves.
- Titrations by precipitation. - Equation titration curve and its use in precipitation analyzes. - Titration of halides according to Mohr and Fajans.
- Neutralization Titrations - General concepts on acids and bases (Bronsted - Lowry theory). - Exact and approximate calculation of the concentration of H + in aqueous solutions.
- Mathematical equations of acid-base titration curves for strong and weak monoprotic and polyprotic systems. - Buffering capacity and mathematical equation for the exact and approximate calculation of the buffering capacity of an aqueous solution as a function of pH. - Study of the correlations between the graphs of the buffering power as a function of pH and the relative titration curves for even complex acid-base systems. - Bicoloured acid-base indicators and color appearance.
- Potentiometric and conductometric methods for the determination of the equivalent point.
- Experimental feasibility study of acid-base titrations of mono and polyfunctional acid or basic substances and commercial products.
- Conductometry - Measurement and study of the factors responsible for the conductance of an aqueous solution. - Conductometric titration curves. - Criteria for identifying the equivalent point in conductometric titration curves. - Use of conductimetry in acid-base titrations and in precipitation titrations.
- Complexometric titrations. - Study of complexation reactions for analytical applications. - Use of chelating agents in complexometry (in particular E.D.T.A.).
- Study of the optimal experimental conditions for the complexometric determination of a generic analyte. - Metallochromic indicators. - Direct, indirect, displacement and selective complexometric titrations of multiple metals.
- Redox titrations. - Study of the factors that govern the redox reactions.
- Titration curve and potential at the equivalent point in redox analyzes.
- Stability of redox couples in aqueous solution. - Permanganatometry, direct and indirect iodometry.
Laboratory Practise (2 CFU)
1) ACID-BASE TITRATIONS:
• Preparation of 0.1 M NaOH solution and its standardization. Determination of the title of monoprotic acids (example: acetic acid present in a homogeneous sample in aqueous solution and / or in a sample of commercial vinegar with colorimetric indicator and / or potentiometer).
• Determination of the title of a mixture of HCl and AcOH with a NaOH solution of known title ca. 0.1 M (conductometric standard and with colorimetric indicator). Determination of the title of polyprotic acids in homogeneous solution and / or in commercial beverages with colorimetric indicator and / or potentiometer.
2) REDOX TITLES:
• Preparation and standardization with KIO3 of a Na2S2O3 thiosulphate solution. Iodometric determination of Cu2+ in a homogeneous sample.
• Permanganatometry: preparation of the KMnO4 solution and standardization with Na2C2O4; Iron determination with the Zimmerman-Reinhardt method.
3) ARGENTOMETRIC TITRATIONS:
• Argentometry: preparation and standardization (Mohor's method) of a solution of AgNO3; determination of the Cl-content in an unknown sample by Mohor's method.
4) COMPLEX TITRATIONS:
• Standardization of an EDTA solution ca. 0.01 M. Determination of the concentration of Mg ++ ions in homogeneous solution. Determination of the concentration of Fe3+ ions in a homogeneous solution. Determination of the hardness of the aqueduct water.