Unit NERVOUS SYSTEM AND HEAD AND NECK RADIOLOGY

EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

Code	A000476
CFU	1
Teacher	Andrea Fiacca
Teachers	Giampietro Ricci (Codocenza)
Hours	12 ore (Codocenza) - Giampietro Ricci
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze interdisciplinari cliniche
Academic discipline	MED/31
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Diseases of the nose, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands and neck. - Anatomy, physiology and semiotics of the nasal cavity. - Fractures of the nose. - Epistaxis. - Acute rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor) and chronic (hypertrophic, atrophic). - Anatomy, physiology and semiotics of the paranasal sinuses. - Acute and chronic sinusitis and its complications. - Benign and malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities. - Anatomy and physiology of the salivary glands. - Lithiasis – cysts. - Neoplasms benign and malignant. - Swelling of the neck. Diseases of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. - Anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity and pharynx. - Acute and chronic tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess. - Sleep disorders. - Cancer of the floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsils, pharynx. - Facial Paralysis. - Anatomy and physiology of the larynx and phonation. - Functional and organic voice disorders. - Cancer of the larynx. Diseases of the ear and the vestibular apparatus: - Elements of Physical Acoustics. - Semiotics of auditory apparatus. - Hearing loss. - Acute and chronic inflammatory processes of the Ear. - Degenerative processes and osteodystrophy of the middle and inner ear. - Newborn hearing screening,universal and selective for cochlear implants. - Cochlear implants and implantable prothesis - Instrumental tests for the ear. - Vertiginous syndromes, peripheral and central.
Reference texts	Roberto Albera, Giovanni Rossi - Otorinolaringoiatria. Ed. Minerva Medica. Maurizio Maurizi. Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica. Ed. Piccin. Maurizio Maurizi – Audiovestibologia clinica. Ed. Idelson – Gnocchi.
Educational objectives	The aim of the course is to provide students with a thorough theoretical and practical knowledge of the topics that allows him, in the course of its carrer, to recognize and correctly interpret the main pathologies of the ENT districts.
Teaching methods	FACE TO FACE
Learning verification modality	oral exam
Extended program	Diseases of the nose, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands and neck. - Anatomy, physiology and semiotics of the nasal cavity. - Fractures of the nose. - Epistaxis. - Acute rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor) and chronic (hypertrophic, atrophic). - Anatomy, physiology and semiotics of the paranasal sinuses. - Acute and chronic sinusitis and its complications. - Benign and malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities. - Anatomy and physiology of the salivary glands. - Lithiasis – cysts. - Neoplasms benign and malignant. - Swelling of the neck. Diseases of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. - Anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity and pharynx. - Acute and chronic tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess. - Sleep disorders. - Cancer of the floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsils, pharynx. - Facial Paralysis. - Anatomy and physiology of the larynx and phonation. - Functional and organic voice disorders. - Cancer of the larynx. Diseases of the ear and the vestibular apparatus: - Elements of Physical Acoustics. - Semiotics of auditory apparatus. - Hearing loss. - Acute and chronic inflammatory processes of the Ear. - Degenerative processes and osteodystrophy of the middle and inner ear. - Newborn hearing screening,universal and selective for cochlear implants. - Cochlear implants and implantable prothesis - Instrumental tests for the ear. - Vertiginous syndromes, peripheral and central.

NERVOUS SYSTEM RADIOLOGY

Code	A000474
CFU	2
Teacher	Andrea Fiacca
Teachers	Andrea Fiacca
Hours	24 ore - Andrea Fiacca
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di radiologia medica per immagini e radioterapia
Academic discipline	MED/36
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

CT IMAGING TECHNIQUES

Code	A001925
CFU	1
Teacher	Andrea Fiacca
Teachers	Cristiano Beddoni (Codocenza)
Hours	12 ore (Codocenza) - Cristiano Beddoni
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di radiologia medica per immagini e radioterapia
Academic discipline	MED/50
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Technical TC of the nervous system
Reference texts	- Cesare Colosimo (2014), "Neuroradiology", EDRA LSWR spa - Luigi Cei (2011), "Techniques of Computerized Tomography and Magnetic Resonance", Society Publishing Universo s.r.l - Elliot K. Fishman R broke Jeffrey, Jr. (2005), "TC Multislice (technical principles and clinical applications)", Verducci Publisher. - Anthony Leone, Fabio Martino (2008), "Imaging of the vertebral spine (the old one and the new one)", Springer. - Norbert Hosten, Thomas Liebig (2011) "Computerized Tomography of the skull and the vertebral column", Edises. - Giancarlo dal Pozzo (2016) "Abridged edition of computerized tomography and TC multislice", Edra spa. - Mathias Prokop, Michael Galanski (2006) "Ccomputerized Tomography. Spiral and multislice", Elsevier
Educational objectives	Allow the student to appropriately choose which of the many Tc protocols to apply for every clinical question, and in reference to this, what is the most appropriate post-processing is more proper for making a examination complete and diagnose. Therefore, knowing the parameters of scanning, reconstruction, visualization and always taking into consideration the variables between the different equipment used, personalize the protocols in reference to the patient, obtaining diagnostic images with the smallest possible dose.
Prerequisites	Knowledge of radiation physics, human anatomy and bases of radiation protection
Teaching methods	Frontal lessons using slide. The lessons and then the slides are set to bring both the literature and the personal experience through practical examples.
Other information	To the students,beyond that the slides of the lessons in formed PPT, a dispensation is furnished in formed PDF
Learning verification modality	Oral examination
Extended program	Neuroimaging. As various imaging of stroke over time: approach neuro radiological emergency / emergency and follow-up. Acquisition techniques. HYDROCEPHALUS: Techniques of acquisition, the gold standard and follow-up PRINCIPLES TECHNICAL DELL'IMAGIN THREE-DIMENSIONAL: from the reconstruction of surface to the reconstruction of volume. How it changes the way of approach to the post-processing (how to choose the mile reconstruction algorithm in relation to the clinical question). 3D image quality very dependent on the parameters of acquisition. HEAD TRAUMA: approach TSRM urgency / emergency neuroradiological. Technical principles of CT acquisition in the urgency / emergency neuroradiological traumatic skull, from preparation to post-processing. ANGIO-TC: how to perform a neuro radiological examination with contrast. Referring to the continuing evolution of software and different acquisition protocols ranging from construction companies, how to set a timing of acquiring adequate optimizing the program available. SPINE: TC approach to spinal trauma and degenerative disc disease. Technical principles and valuation methods in the acquisition sequence and volumetric spine, the multiplanar imaging 3D. INFORMED CONSENT: awareness TSRM that consent to a health service is a constitutionally protected right of every citizen. The legislation, the recipients and the characteristics of informed consent. DOSE RADIANT TC: Evolution hardware and software has led to a reduction in costs and an increase in the diffusion of the equipment, resulting in an increase in dose to the population. Approach to multi-slice and strategies of dose reduction. How to calculate the dose in CT. As the dose varies when the voltage changes. ROLE OF TSRM IN TC: from the control data to the importance of teamwork. Check the correct insertion of data in the RIS, reception, positioning, execution, leave, data storage PACS. SPECIFICITY-SENSITIVITY ': the meaning and relationship of these terms in relation to radiological examinations.

RADIOTERAPY TECHNIQUES

Code	A000477
CFU	1
Teacher	Andrea Fiacca
Teachers	Antonella Cavalli (Codocenza)
Hours	12 ore (Codocenza) - Antonella Cavalli
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di radiologia medica per immagini e radioterapia
Academic discipline	MED/50
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	L'insegnamento consiste nel fornire agli studenti le basi per affrontare tutte le fasi del percorso radioterapico del paziente oncologico , sotto tutti gli aspetti tecnici e le relative competenze e tecniche di utilizzo nell' erogazione del trattamento stesso. Le principali conoscenze acquisite saranno: • Fasi e strumenti di Simulazione tradizionale e virtuale in cui viene definito il bersaglio o target e gli organi a rischio circostanti da rispettare. ( Tc simulatore ) • Utilizzo dei relativi Sistemi di immobilizzazione a garanzia della ripetibilita' e riproducibilita' del trattamento (maschere termoplastiche, Vacuum, Breast-board, Dual -leg, presidi per stereotassi cranica e body ) Impostazione del Set-up • Acquisizione delle immagini prodotte e relativi protocolli operativi Gestione dei relativi Software del percorso radioterapico ( gestionali, e sistemi di Record&Verify ) Sistemi di verifica per il corretto posizionamento del paziente: IGRT e Sistemi per IGRT ,TOMOTERAPIA e LINAC Cone-Beam CT Radioterapia conformazionale 3D-CRT Tecniche volumetriche : IMRT -VMAT Tecniche speciali : Total body Irradiation, TNI-TMI, Stereotassi, Radiochirurgia, Tutti gli aspetti tecnici sono applicatia tutti gli apparati
Reference texts	M-Balducci,F.Cellini,P.Cornacchione RM D'Angelillo,G.C Mattiucci,D.Pasini ELEMENTI DI RADIOTERAPIA ONCOLOGICA Manuale per Tecnici Sanitari di Radiologia Medica Societa' Editrice Universo,
Educational objectives	q
Prerequisites	Al fine di comprendere e saper applicare la maggior parte delle tecniche descritte nell'insegnamento è necessario avere sostenuto l' esame di Radioterapia I. Inoltre la conoscenza di queste tecniche rappresenta un prerequisito indispensabile per lo studente che voglia seguire il corso con profitto.
Teaching methods	i metodi didattici utilizzati : lezioni in aula su tutti gli argomenti del corso lezioni frontali
Learning verification modality	L’esame prevede una prova orale La prova orale consiste in una discussione finalizzata ad accertare il livello di conoscenza e capacità di comprensione raggiunto dallo studente sui contenuti teorici La prova orale consentirà inoltre di verificare la capacità di comunicazione dell’allievo con proprietà di linguaggio ed organizzazione autonoma dell’esposizione sugli stessi argomenti a contenuto teorico
Extended program	L'insegnamento consiste nel fornire agli studenti le basi per affrontare tutte le fasi del percorso radioterapico del paziente oncologico , sotto tutti gli aspetti tecnici e le relative competenze e tecniche di utilizzo nell' erogazione del trattamento stesso. Le principali conoscenze acquisite saranno: • Fasi e strumenti di Simulazione tradizionale e virtuale in cui viene definito il bersaglio o target e gli organi a rischio circostanti da rispettare. ( Tc simulatore ) • Utilizzo dei relativi Sistemi di immobilizzazione a garanzia della ripetibilita' e riproducibilita' del trattamento (maschere termoplastiche, Vacuum, Breast-board, Dual -leg, presidi per stereotassi cranica e body ) Impostazione del Set-up • Acquisizione delle immagini prodotte e relativi protocolli operativi Gestione dei relativi Software del percorso radioterapico ( gestionali, e sistemi di Record&Verify ) Sistemi di verifica per il corretto posizionamento del paziente: IGRT e Sistemi per IGRT ,TOMOTERAPIA e LINAC Cone-Beam CT Radioterapia conformazionale 3D-CRT Tecniche volumetriche : IMRT -VMAT Tecniche speciali : Total body Irradiation, TNI-TMI, Stereotassi, Radiochirurgia, Tutti gli aspetti tecnici sono applicati a tutti gli apparati Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento della mammella Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento del polmone Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento dell"apparato Scheletrico Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento della prostata Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento testa-collo Aspetti Tecnici e percorso per il trattamento del retto