Unit ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS

Course
Computer science and electronic engineering
Study-unit Code
A003146
Curriculum
Ingegneria elettronica
Teacher
Alessio De Angelis
Teachers
  • Alessio De Angelis
Hours
  • 81 ore - Alessio De Angelis
CFU
9
Course Regulation
Coorte 2022
Offered
2024/25
Learning activities
Caratterizzante
Area
Ingegneria elettronica
Academic discipline
ING-INF/07
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa monodisciplinare
Language of instruction
Italian
Contents
This course aims at providing knowledge and skills related to Measurement Theory, measurement of electric quantities, and modern measurement instrumentation. Lab activities are envisioned, to consolidate both knowledge and skills.
Reference texts
Teaching material provided by the instructor
Educational objectives
Learning Objectives
- Understand the main aspects of Measurement Theory
- Understand the main methods for measuring electrical quantities
- Understand methods for estimating and reducing measurement uncertainties, their use in compliance testing
- Understand techniques for measurement and data acquisition.
- Understand the architecture and usage of electronic measurement instrumentation (multimeters, oscilloscopes, counters, spectrum analyzers) and data acquisition systems in practice.

Target skills
- Ability to design and implement a system for the measurement of electrical quantities
- Skill in the selection and implementation of systems for conditioning electrical quantities measured.
- Ability to select and use electronic measurement instrumentation
- Ability to estimate the measurement uncertainty associated with a given measurement
- Ability to perform compliance verification
- Ability to design and use data acquisition systems.
Prerequisites
For a better understanding, skills related to courses of Calculus I/II, Physics B, Probability Theory, Signal Theory, Circuit Theory, and Electronics should be already acquired
Teaching methods
Classroom lectures, lab activities.
Other information
For any questions, or scheduling meetings, contact the teacher: alessio.deangelis@unig.it
Learning verification modality
The exam consists of a written test and an oral test. The written test lasting 2 hours aims to ascertain the knowledge acquired and the ability to connect topics in order to solve problems of a practical nature. The written test consists of ten multiple-choice questions and two exercises to be solved by numerical calculations.
The oral test gives the student an opportunity to show other aspects of his or her preparation during a dialogue with the committee lasting about 20-25 minutes.
Extended program
Part I - Measurement Theory
- Introduction and definitions;
- Empirical cognitive processes and measurement scales;
- Measurement uncertainty: definitions and evaluation methods; Probabilistic approach. Intrinsic, interaction and instrumental uncertainty; Type A, B and compound uncertainty. Extended uncertainty, coverage factors, compliance checks;
- Metrological traceability and the International System, calibration;
- Uncertainty evaluation in indirect measurements, law of propagation of uncertainties;

Part II - Circuits for signal conditioning.
- Measurement bridges: Wheatstone bridge, double weighting and substitution method, deflection and AC bridges;
- Operational amplifier: assumption of ideality, inverting, non-inverting configuration, differential, CMRR, sensitivity, gain-bandwidth product, noise sources;
- Op-amp-based circuits: voltage follower, summers, filters, integrator, differentiator, instrumentation amplifier (INA), rectifiers, logarithmic amplifier. Positive feedback: Schmitt trigger, relaxation oscillator. Performance metrics;
- Laboratory exercises on measurement bridges and op-amp based circuits;
- Classroom exercises on conditioning circuits and uncertainty calculation;

Part III - A/D Converters.
- Introductory notes. sampling, quantization, and encoding. Sample and Hold;
- Flash converters: architecture, midrise/midtread distinction. Sources of uncertainty;
- Flash converters interleaved, multistep, successive approximations, voltage-time, double integration;
- Digital-to-Analog converter, potentiometric DAC, with current output, sigma-delta;

Part IV - Instrumentation.
- Digital multimeter: architecture, load effect, 2- and 4-wire resistance measurement, metrological characteristics, measurement uncertainty;
- Digital oscilloscope: architecture, triggering, memory management, equivalent-time sampling, frequency response, rise time;
- Measurement of electrical quantities in industry: range extension, voltamperometric method, measurement transformers, wattmeter, current clamp;
- Universal counter: architecture, fundamental blocks;
- Spectrum analyzer: functionality, classification, architecture of superheterodyne spectrum analyzer, performance parameters, FFT spectrum analyzer;
- Data acquisition systems: architecture, use and performance parameters;
- Classroom exercises on evaluating uncertainty in measurements with instrumentation;
- Laboratory exercises: building measurement circuits. Use of instrumentation (which includes multimeters, oscilloscopes, power supplies, generators) to solve practical problems and characterize measurement uncertainty. Use of software for measurement data acquisition and processing.
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