Unit APPLIED GEOLOGY, MONITORING MEASURES
- Course
- Environmental engineering
- Study-unit Code
- A002600
- Curriculum
- Difesa del suolo
- Teacher
- Costanza Cambi
- CFU
- 12
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2024
- Offered
- 2024/25
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa integrata
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY APPLIED TO SOIL PROTECTION
| Code | A002601 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Costanza Cambi |
| Teachers |
|
| Hours |
|
| Learning activities | Caratterizzante |
| Area | Ingegneria per l'ambiente e territorio |
| Academic discipline | GEO/05 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | Geologic hazards and geologic risk. Types of geologic hazards (seismic, volcanic, and hydrogeologic). Prediction and prevention. PAI in Italy. The risk from interference between landslide phenomena and fluvial dynamics (landslide dams). Recalls of the basic elements of geology and structural geology. Geomechanical survey and RMR classification. Stereographic projections. Kinematic analysis of rock slope stability. Elements of hydrogeology: relationships between geological setting and groundwater. Aquifer systems. Hydrogeological balance. Groundwater movement . Darcy's law. Hydrogeological parameters and their determination. |
| Reference texts | Notes from the lectures. Materials made available form the teachers (slides form lectures, scientific publications concerninig the treated topics, notes written by the teachers about some topics). |
| Educational objectives | The course aims to provide Students with theoretical and practical knowledge for the understanding of geological risks (in particular slope instability and flooding) and for the management of landslides dams. The course also aims to provide the knowledge for the correct management of groundwater and the abìilty to interprete hydrogeological data on the basis of geological setting. |
| Prerequisites | Base knowledge of Geology form the BSc courses. |
| Teaching methods | Lectures and field trips. |
| Other information | None |
| Learning verification modality | Oral test of about 30 minutes aimed to verify that the Student properly knows the geological issues involved in civil an environment engineering. |
| Extended program | Definition of hazard, vulnerability and risk. Geological risks: seismic, volcanic and hydrogeological risk. The Hydrogeological Management Plans in Italy (PAI). The landslide dams. Study scales. The interference scenarios between slope dynamics and river dynamics. Causes. Classification. Effects. Mode of breaking of the barriers and consequent propagation of the anomalous wave. Examples. The Vajont landslide. Brief reminds on base notions of geology and structural geology: faults, folds, geological maps and geological cross sections. Geomechanical survey. RMR classification. Stereographic projections. Schmidt net. Cinematic analysis for rock slope stability. Introduction to hydrogeology: aquifers and aquicludes. Aquifer types (unconfined and confined). Relationships among geo-structural framework and groundwater bodies; hydrogeological maps. Hydrogeological basins, constant head and no flow boundaries. Groundwater budget. Springs and alluvial aquifers. The movement of groundwater: Darcy's law. Hydrogeological parameters (hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, storativity) and their physical meaning. Estimation of hydrogeological parameters using pumping tests in a steady and unsteady state. Aquifers characterization from springs hydrographs: recession curves, Maillet equation. |
ADVANCED GEOMATIC TECHNIQUES
| Code | A002602 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Aurelio Stoppini |
| Teachers |
|
| Hours |
|
| Learning activities | Caratterizzante |
| Area | Ingegneria per l'ambiente e territorio |
| Academic discipline | ICAR/06 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | GNSS positioning techniques. Post-processing and real time techniques. GNSS static and dynamic networks. Applications to Civil Engineering. Digital aerial photogrammetry. Deformation monitoring and testing of structures. Cadastre: mapping and updating with GNSS techniques. |
| Reference texts | Lecture notes by the teacher. Cina, A.: Dal GPS al GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Per la geomatica. Ed. CELID |
| Educational objectives | Knowledge of the main GNSS and terrestrial surveying techniques utilised in Civil Engineering with refer to desing, tracking of structures and infrastructures, machine control, monitoring of soil surface, diggings and structures, cadastre. Skill in designing and executing surveys for civil engineering |
| Prerequisites | Geodesy and surveying basis as developed in the course TOPOGRAFIA of the three years course of Civil Engineering |
| Teaching methods | Lessons integrated with a relevant practical activity |
| Other information | Due to the practical character of the module, lectures frequency is advisable |
| Learning verification modality | A single oral examination lasting about 30 minutes, aimed at verifying whether the Student has acquired the knowledge of the themes and methodologies involved by the course |
| Extended program | GNSS positioning techniques: GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO and their evolution. Characteristics and interoperability. Signals and observables. Modelling of biases (troposphere, ionosphere), multipaths, antenna calibration. GNSS methodologies: absolute, relative and differential positioning. Static and kinematic techniques. Post-processing and real time techniques. Utilization of GNSS static networks. Utilization of GNSS dynamic networks (permanent stations) and of positioning services. Applications of the GNSS techniques to Civil Engineering: survey of diggings, tracking of structures and infrastructures. Integration of GNSS and total station surveys. Digital aerial photogrammetry: Fundamentals of photogrammetry: collinearity; coplanarity; internal, relative and absolute orientation; stereoscopic and monoscopic restitution. Photogrammetric flight planning and execution. Preliminary evaluation of the achievable accuracy. Photogrammetric triangulation. Digital photos and digitizing of analogical photos. Automatic correlation, orthoprojection, DTMs and DSMs. Practice on aerial digital photogrammetry, production of orthophotos and DTM/DSM. Deformation monitoring: instruments (automatic high-accuracy total stations, digital levels). Selection of the most appropriate methodology for the type, size and velocity of the movements to control. Monitoring of structures, diggings, retaining walls, foundations. Determination of structure deformations for static tests on structures. Practice on deformation monitoring (simulating three-dimensional movements with a mechanical device) and structures testing. Cadastral surveys: Organization of the terrain and urban cadastre in Italy. Cadastral maps, geodetic networks, fiducial points. Surveys for cadastral updating: the PREGEO software and the techniques admitted by the current rules. Use of GNSS techniques. Practice on cadastral updating with GNSS (real time kinematic). |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | 9 - 11 |