Unit EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING I

Code	A005578
CFU	6
Teacher	Marco Breccolotti
Teachers	Marco Breccolotti Filippo Ubertini (Codocenza)
Hours	20 ore - Marco Breccolotti 8 ore (Codocenza) - Filippo Ubertini 20 ore -
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Ingegneria civile
Sector	ICAR/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	ENGLISH
Contents	Notes on seismology. Dynamics of systems and modal analysis applied to earthquake engineering. Linear static and dynamic seismic analysis. Buildings and seismic-resistant systems. Code provisions. Seismic zoning. Basic criteria for earthquake-resistant design. Design application laboratory – Part I.
Reference texts	Teaching material and specific bibliographic references by the instructor made available on UNISTUDIUM. Castellani A., Faccioli E. "Costruzioni in zona sismica". Hoepli. Parducci A. "Progetto delle Costruzioni in zona sismica", Liguori Editore. Additional textbooks: Chopra A. "Dynamic of structures: theory and application to earthquake engineering ". Prentice Hall. 1995. Bozorgnia Y., Bertero V.V. "Earthquake Engineering". CRC Press. Brincker R., Ventura C. "Introduction to Operational Modal Analysis". Wiley, 2015.
Educational objectives	The “Earthquake Engineering I” course enhances the education of Master's-level Civil Engineering students by focusing on the seismic structural design of civil buildings. The course introduces methods for linear static and dynamic seismic analysis, seismic-resistant structural schemes, and basic regulatory requirements for buildings in seismic areas. A portion of the course is dedicated to a guided and supervised design application at an introductory level. The expected learning outcomes are as follows: Main knowledge acquired: • Understanding of the fundamentals of methods for analyzing structures subjected to seismic actions; • Basic knowledge of the seismic-resistant behavior of key structural schemes for resisting lateral loads; • Preliminary knowledge of the Italian and European regulatory recommendations regarding both general and detailed aspects of seismic design for reinforced concrete and steel buildings; • Basic understanding of the fundamental principles of seismic protection of structures (strength, redundancy, resilience, ductility, capacity design). Main skills acquired, defined as the ability to apply knowledge and to autonomously adopt the most appropriate approach, will include: • Ability to set up a methodology for assessing the impact of seismic actions on a building; • Ability to interpret, at a basic level, the behavior of a structural system to evaluate its seismic resistance and expected performance during an earthquake; • Ability to preliminarily design a seismic-resistant structural system suitable for ensuring the seismic safety of a building.
Prerequisites	The following knowledge is required to understand the contents of the course and to achieve the expected training objectives • Calculus: techniques of derivation and integration of functions with several variables, ordinary differential equations. • Mathematical Physics: vector calculus, static and dynamic equilibrium equations. • Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis and Design: elements of strength of materials; static analysis of prismatic solids; static analysis of isostatic and hyperstatic structures (method of forces and displacements); elements of continuum mechanics; safety verification methodology with the semiprobabilistic method of limit states; modeling, analysis, solution of structural systems (beams, frames); methods of verification of elements in reinforced concrete and steel; code references for the design and verification of elements in reinforced concrete and steel.
Teaching methods	The course is structured as follows: • Classroom lectures covering all course topics; • In-class exercises focused on the structural design of a reinforced concrete or steel building located in a seismic zone.
Other information	Additional information materials will be provided through the university's teaching platform.
Learning verification modality	Verification of the educational objectives of the course (exam) involves an oral test. As part of the test, the project developed in the design laboratory (exercises) will be presented. The oral exam consists of a discussion lasting no more than 40 minutes aimed at ascertaining: a) the correctness, completeness and accuracy of the project developed in the project laboratory (exercises); b) the level of knowledge of the theoretical-methodological contents of the course; c) the level of competence in exposing possible technical solutions to modeling problems and solution of seismic-resistant structural schemes, dimensioning and verification of structural components under seismic loading conditions in the elastic and post-elastic field; d) the autonomy of judgment in proposing the most appropriate approach for each application area, with full awareness of the simplifying hypotheses adopted in the various modeling of the structure and seismic action, of the physical meaning of the quantities involved, of the level of uncertainty of the results achieved; e) the student's ability to present the arguments proposed by the Commission with language properties, to sustain a dialectical relationship during the discussion and to summarize the applicative results of the theories studied. The final evaluation will be made by the Commission out of thirty on the basis of the test result.
Extended program	Elements of Seismology Dynamics of the lithosphere. Causes and mechanisms of earthquakes. Propagation of seismic waves. Ground motion laws, magnitude, energy, intensity. Elements of seismic risk and vulnerability. System Dynamics Introduction to structural dynamics: seismic behavior of the single-degree-of-freedom oscillator, response spectrum. Code-based elastic response spectrum. Seismic dynamics of multi-degree-of-freedom systems; modal analysis; modal truncation. Equivalent static analysis, modal analysis with equivalent static forces. Computational tools for seismic analysis. Italian and European Seismic Codes The Italian seismic code, comparison with previous codes, references to the Eurocodes. Seismic zoning. Historical seismology. Microzonation. Seismic Analysis of Buildings Distribution of equivalent static forces across floors, center of mass, center of stiffness, torsional effects. Approach to the seismic design of buildings. Seismic configurations and resistant systems. Load analysis, equivalent static analysis, modal analysis. Seismic behavior of non-structural elements. Design Laboratory Development of a seismic design project for a reinforced concrete or steel building. Load analysis, seismic input, preliminary design choices.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Industry, innovation and infrastructure. Sustainable cities and communities.

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING II

Code	A005579
CFU	6
Teacher	Marco Breccolotti
Teachers	Marco Breccolotti Filippo Ubertini (Codocenza)
Hours	20 ore - Marco Breccolotti 8 ore (Codocenza) - Filippo Ubertini 20 ore -
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Ingegneria civile
Sector	ICAR/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	ENGLISH
Contents	Nonlinear static and dynamic seismic analysis. Code provisions and advanced criteria for earthquake-resistant design (capacity design). Seismic isolation and energy dissipation. Detailing of reinforced concrete and steel structures in seismic areas. Introduction to seismic analysis of bridges. Basics of modal identification of existing structures for the evaluation of seismic actions. Design application laboratory – Part II.
Reference texts	Teaching material and specific bibliographic references by the instructor made available on UNISTUDIUM. Castellani A., Faccioli E. "Costruzioni in zona sismica". Hoepli. Parducci A. "Progetto delle Costruzioni in zona sismica", Liguori Editore. Additional textbooks: Chopra A. "Dynamic of structures: theory and application to earthquake engineering ". Prentice Hall. 1995. Bozorgnia Y., Bertero V.V. "Earthquake Engineering". CRC Press. Brincker R., Ventura C. "Introduction to Operational Modal Analysis". Wiley, 2015.
Educational objectives	The “Earthquake Engineering II” course completes the education of Master's-level Civil Engineering students in the field of seismic structural design for civil buildings. The course presents and deepens the methods for nonlinear static and dynamic seismic analysis; seismic-resistant structural systems; code requirements for buildings in seismic areas; seismic detailing of reinforced concrete and steel structural elements; and advanced seismic protection strategies, including base isolation and energy dissipation. A portion of the course is dedicated to the guided and supervised development of a design application, completing the project initiated in the “Earthquake Engineering I” course. The expected learning outcomes are as follows: Main knowledge acquired: • Comprehensive understanding of methods for analyzing structures subjected to seismic actions; • In-depth knowledge of the seismic behavior of key structural systems for resisting lateral forces; • Full understanding of Italian and European regulatory requirements for the seismic design of reinforced concrete and steel buildings, both in general and in detail; • Knowledge of the fundamental principles of seismic protection (strength, redundancy, resilience, ductility, capacity design); • Knowledge of advanced seismic protection systems based on base isolation and energy dissipation devices. Main skills acquired, understood as the ability to apply knowledge and independently adopt the most appropriate approach, will include: • Ability to select and apply the appropriate methodology for evaluating the effects of seismic actions on a building, with full awareness of the meaning and magnitude of involved parameters; • Ability to select and apply a behavioral model for a structural system to assess the seismic performance of a construction in relation to expected outcomes during an earthquake; • Ability to identify and implement relevant code provisions in the design of buildings in seismic zones, and translate them into detailed construction configurations; • Ability to design an effective seismic-resistant structural system that ensures the seismic safety of a building.
Prerequisites	The following knowledge is required to understand the contents of the course and to achieve the expected training objectives • Calculus: techniques of derivation and integration of functions with several variables, ordinary differential equations. • Mathematical Physics: vector calculus, static and dynamic equilibrium equations. • Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis and Design: elements of strength of materials; static analysis of prismatic solids; static analysis of isostatic and hyperstatic structures (method of forces and displacements); elements of continuum mechanics; safety verification methodology with the semiprobabilistic method of limit states; modeling, analysis, solution of structural systems (beams, frames); methods of verification of elements in reinforced concrete and steel; code references for the design and verification of elements in reinforced concrete and steel.
Teaching methods	The course is structured as follows: • Classroom lectures covering all topics of the course; • In-class exercises aimed at the executive-level development of the structural design of a reinforced concrete or steel building in a seismic zone (as a continuation of the design initiated in the Earthquake Engineering I course).
Other information	Additional information materials will be provided through the university's teaching platform.
Learning verification modality	Verification of the educational objectives of the course (exam) involves an oral test. As part of the test, the project developed in the design laboratory (exercises) will be presented. The oral exam consists of a discussion lasting no more than 40 minutes aimed at ascertaining: a) the correctness, completeness and accuracy of the project developed in the project laboratory (exercises); b) the level of knowledge of the theoretical-methodological contents of the course; c) the level of competence in exposing possible technical solutions to modeling problems and solution of seismic-resistant structural schemes, dimensioning and verification of structural components under seismic loading conditions in the elastic and post-elastic field; d) the autonomy of judgment in proposing the most appropriate approach for each application area, with full awareness of the simplifying hypotheses adopted in the various modeling of the structure and seismic action, of the physical meaning of the quantities involved, of the level of uncertainty of the results achieved; e) the student's ability to present the arguments proposed by the Commission with language properties, to sustain a dialectical relationship during the discussion and to summarize the applicative results of the theories studied. The final evaluation will be made by the Commission out of thirty on the basis of the test result.
Extended program	Nonlinear Seismic Analysis Equation of motion for the elasto-plastic single-degree-of-freedom oscillator. Ductility: demand and capacity. Inelastic response spectrum. Behavior (reduction) factor. Nonlinear dynamic analysis. Nonlinear static analysis. Capacity spectrum method. In-Depth Study of Italian and International Seismic Codes Performance-based design. Structural morphology and behavior factor for different types of seismic-resistant systems. Seismic Analysis of Structures Reinforced concrete buildings: seismic behavior, ductility mechanisms, structural detailing. Steel buildings: seismic-resistant systems, behavior factor, ductility, construction details. Introductory concepts on seismic design of bridges. Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation General concepts. Isolation devices and energy dissipators for vibration reduction and control. Introduction to Modal Identification of Existing Structures for Seismic Assessment Introduction to inverse problems and modal identification of structures. Differences between EMA (Experimental Modal Analysis) and OMA (Operational Modal Analysis). Overview of stochastic processes, power spectral density matrix, spectral decomposition, and singular value decomposition. Mode estimation errors: colored excitation, spurious modes due to noise and overfitting. Basics of signal processing. Output-only identification in the frequency domain. Introduction to damping identification and time-domain methods. Overview of continuous structural health monitoring for earthquake damage identification. Practical examples of experimental identification on real buildings. Design Laboratory Executive-level completion of the seismic design project for a reinforced concrete or steel building initiated in the "Earthquake Engineering I" course. Design and verification of structural elements and joints. Capacity design principles. Design and verification of a base-isolated version of the structure.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Industry, innovation and infrastructure. Sustainable cities and communities.