Unit WASTE AND BIOMASS ENERGY SOURCES
- Course
- Mechanical engineering
- Study-unit Code
- A002359
- Curriculum
- Energia
- Teacher
- Francesco Fantozzi
- Teachers
-
- Francesco Fantozzi
- Hours
- 64 ore - Francesco Fantozzi
- CFU
- 8
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2020
- Offered
- 2021/22
- Learning activities
- Affine/integrativa
- Area
- Attività formative affini o integrative
- Academic discipline
- ING-IND/08
- Type of study-unit
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa monodisciplinare
- Language of instruction
- Italian
- Contents
- Power plants and use of biomass and waste, feedstock characterization, supply chain, direct combustion, solid (char, chips and pellet), liquid (vegetal oil, bio-oil, bio-diesel, bioethanol) and gaseous (syngas, pyrogas, biogas, landfill gas) biofuels production and use. Airborne emissions formation and abatement for NOX-SOX-CO-VOC-Trace elements-Doxins and soot
- Reference texts
- Notes from lessons - Material provided by the teacher
- Educational objectives
- Design and operation of biomass based power plants and biofuel production methods. Design and operation of airborne emissions abatement plants
- Prerequisites
- Thermal machines and industrial plants
- Teaching methods
- Frontal lessons and excercises. Visit to nearby biomass and waste fuelled powerplants will be organised for interested students.
- Other information
- n.a.
- Learning verification modality
- The production of a report on project activity or experimental activity is required. A final oral test is required to pass the exam.
- Extended program
- Principles of thermodynamics, power cycles and effects that limit efficiency - Plant characteristics, performance and possibility to use biomass and waste for Rankine-Hirn cycles, Joule cycle, Otto and Diesel cycle, Stirling and Ericsson cycles, gas-steam combined cycle, fuel cells.
Energy facts, green house effect renewable and fossil energy sources.
Biomass and Waste - definitions, chemical and energy characterization - experimental analysisi of selected feedstocks - supply chain and biofuels production.
Thermochemical processes - combustion - primary and secondary air calculation, adiabatic flame temperature and combustion products, combustors typology, stokers and fluidised beds, Karman Kozeny theory and terminal velocity - Heat generators - Preliminary design of a 1 MW plant based on external combustion cycle - Heat Exchangers Network design - Pinch point
Gasification -Introduction. Thermodynamics and kinetic basics - reactors - IGCC with gas turbines and engines - commercially available solutions
Pyrolysis - Introduction - thermodynamic and kinetic basics - driving forces - reactor typologies - commmercially available solutions
Physico-chemical processes - Oil extraction - Drying - Densification - Transesterification - Biodiesel - process description - mass and energy balance - Fischer Tropsch - Short rotation forestry and agricoltural crops for herbal and woody biomasses - oily and sugar crops
Biochemical processes - Fermentation and Bioethanol - Process and reactors - mass and energy balance - biofuel characterization - Anaerobic digestion - process and reactors - mass and energy balance - biogas/landfill gas characterization
Airborne Emissions: NOX- Sour gases -Carbon monoxide, Trace elements, Soot, Dioxins and furans, VOC - Formation mechanism - abatment techniques and available technology - cyclone and scrubber preliminary design.