Unit ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY

ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY - MOD. 1

Code	GP004563
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	4
Teacher	Angelo Sidoni
Teachers	Angelo Sidoni
Hours	48 ore - Angelo Sidoni
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline anatomo-patologiche e correlazioni anatomo-cliniche
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Knowledge of the main pathological pictures (macroscopic and microscopic) of the human organs with clinical corrrelations.
Reference texts	Robbins & Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, last edition available, Elsevier
Educational objectives	TRAINING AIMS:  At the end of the course the student shall be conscious of the contribution provided by Pathological Anatomy to the phisicyan's decisional process, and must be able to use rationally the information derived from histocytopathologic diagnosis in order to perform the best prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of diseases.  To reach these targets the student:  1) must demonstrate a good knowledge about gross and histological features of the main human diseases, and must be able to identify them by etiopathogenetic, physiopathologic, clinic, nosographic and epidemiologic points of view.  2) must know the most important methods used by Pathologist in his work, so that he can suitably manage the materials assigned to histological and cytological exams. The student must also correctly understand histological and cytological diagnosis and be conscious about the collaboration that must exists between the phisicyan and the pathologist.
Prerequisites	In-depth knowledge of anatomy, histology, physiology and general pathology.
Teaching methods	Lessons face to face (compulsory), practical training, seminars.
Other information	DIDACTIC ORGANIZATION:  The Pathological Anatomy teaching is carried out during the 4th year (1st  and 2nd semester) of the course.  The overall credits assigned to Pathological Anatomy are 14.  The total amount of hours dedicated to lectures (ex cathedra) is 100.  TEACHERS:  Prof. Angelo Sidoni (coordinator)  Dr. Guido Bellezza  Dr. Rachele Del Sordo
Learning verification modality	ORAL EXAM At the end of the second semester of the teaching the students who will have achieved the frequency attestation and who will be in rule with propedeutic exams will be admitted to support the Pathologic Anatomy exam after telematical booking .  See web site http://www.med.unipg.it/ccl/ The commission, made up of two members, raises three questions regarding the program. The test, lasting not less than thirty minutes, beginning with the signing of the report. In case of unsatisfactory outcome the student has the right to renounce the continuation of the examination. The final grade is decided collegially as the average grades obtained in individual questions and after appropriate discussion.
Extended program	CORE CURRICULUM (first semester) General section  1) History of Pathological Anatomy 2) Purposes of the autopsy 3) What is an epycrisis 4) The anatomic-clinical method 5) Biopsies and cytological specimens (collection modality, preservation, fixation, samples forwarding) 6) Intraoperative consultation.  CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM  Arteries  Atherosclerosis  Sistemic necrotizing vasculitis: group of Polyarteritis Nodosa  Hypersensitivity vasculitis  Granulomatous vasculitis (giant cells vasculitis)  Giant cells arteritis  Takayasu's arteritis  Atherosclerotic aneurysms  Aortitis and syphilitic aneurysms  Cystic medial necrosis and related , dissecting aneurysms Veins  Venous varix  Thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphedema  Heart  Congestive heart failure  Left ventricular failure  Right ventricular failure  Ischemic cardiopathy  Angina pectoris  Sudden cardiac death  Acute myocardial infarction  Chronic ischemic cardiopathy  Hypertensive cardiopathy  Rheumatic carditis  Congenital cardiopathies  Ventricular septum defects  Atrial septum defects  Patent ductus arteriosus  Aortic coarctation  Fallot's tetralogy  Cor pulmonale  Myocardiopathies  Myocarditis  Valvular heart diseases  Aortic calcific stenosis  Mitralic ring calcification  Mitral valve prolapse (floppy valve syndrome, Barlow's syndrome)  Endocardium diseases  Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)  Nonbacterial verrucous endocarditis (Libman-Sacks' disease)  Carcinoid syndrome  Endomyocardial fibroelastosis  Pericarditis and pericardial effusions  RESPIRATORY SYSTEM  Pulmonary embolism, infarct and hemorrhage  Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)  Newborn's respiratory failure (hyaline membrane disease)  Atelectasy  Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)  Chronic bronchitis (included small airways disease)  Emphysema  Bronchial asthma  Bronchiectasy  Pneumoconiosis (general aspects) Pulmonary infections  Lobar pneumonia  Lobular pneumonia  Lung abscess  Viral and mycoplasma pneumonias (atypical pneumonia)  Primary tuberculosis  Post-primary tuberculosis (re-activation, secondary disease)  Tumors of lung  CarcinomasNeuroendocrine tumorsMetastatic pulmonary tumors  Mesothelioma  Disorders of pleura  Pleural effusions and pleuritis  Hemothorax  Chylothorax  Pneumothorax  Illustration of pertinent clinico-pathological cases. PROFESSIONAL TRAINING  Pathologic activity in the hospital:  Divided in small groups and guided by a tutor, the students will visit the "Struttura Complessa di Anatomia e Istologia Patologica" and will take vision of all the activities carried out. Particular attention will be given to the compilation requests for cytologic and histopathologic exams, to the right forward of biological samples and to the fixation of specimens.  Autopsy demonstration:  The autopsy is a very important medical act, both under formative and clinical points of view. The availability of autopsies depends on clinical units doctors' requests, therefore we can't preventively plan them.  Students are invited to attend all available autopsies. During the autopsy the pathologist will interactively show the pathological findings, the relative diagnosis and the relationships between them and the signs and symptoms presented by patient in life. In consideration of the deficiency of autopsies the demonstrative activity will be carried out also through archive and/or informatic support cases.  ELECTIVE DIDACTIC ACTIVITIES (ADE)  Exercitations for small groups of students with microscopic demonstrations of cytological and histological specimens of the principal human diseases.  Attendance to the weekly scientific meetings of the Pathological Anatomy Institute.  Continuous frequency for preparation of degree thesis.

ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY - MOD. 2

Code	GP004564
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	4
Teacher	Angelo Sidoni
Teachers	Angelo Sidoni Rachele Del Sordo
Hours	48 ore - Angelo Sidoni 4 ore - Rachele Del Sordo
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline anatomo-patologiche e correlazioni anatomo-cliniche
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Please see the Mod.1
Reference texts	Please see the Mod.1
Educational objectives	Please see the Mod.1
Prerequisites	Please see the Mod.1
Teaching methods	Please see the Mod.1
Other information	Please see the Mod.1
Learning verification modality	Please see the Mod.1
Extended program	DISORDERS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM Reumathoid arthritis SLE Sjögen's syndrome AIDS DISORDERS OF URINARY TRACT Renal failure (uremic syndrome) Glomerulopathies Clinical features of glomerulopathies Pathogenesis of glomerular injury Circulating immune-complexes nephritis In situ immune-complexes nephritis Nephrotic syndrome Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis) Membranous glomerulopathy (membranous nephrosis) Focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Nephritic syndrome Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (crescentic) IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) Tubulointerstitial diseases Tubulointerstitial nephritis Acute pyelonephritis Chronic pyelonephritis and reflux nephropathy Acute tubular necrosis Vascular diseases of kidney Secondary hypertensive vascular disease Idiopatic hypertensive vascular disease Malignant hypertension - malignant nephrosclerosis Benign nephrosclerosis Cystic renal diseases Isolated cysts Polycystic kidney disease Urinary tract obstruction Calculi Hydronephrosis Neoplastic disease Renal clear cell carcinoma Wilms' tumor Carcinoma of urinary tract (calyx, pelvis, ureter, urethra) DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Oral cavity Precancerous lesions and oral cavity carcinoma Tumors of salivary glands Esophagus Atresia Achalasia Diverticula Webs and rings Hiatal Hernia Esophagitis Esophageal varix Mucosal tear (Mallory-Weiss syndrome) Esophageal carcinoma Stomach Pyloric stenosis Gastritis Acute gastritis Chronic gastritis Hypertrophic gastritis (Menetrier's disease) Acute stress ulcer disease Peptic ulcer disease Gastric polyps Gastric cancer Gastric lymphomas GIST Small bowel Diverticula Ischemic bowel disease Transmural infarction Mucosal-intramural infarction Crohn's disease (local enteritis) Disorders of absorption Celiac disease (non-tropical sprue, gluten-sensitive enteropathy) Whipple's disease Tumors Adenocarcinoma Neuroendocrine tumor Lymphoma Idiopathic ulcerative colitis Neoplastic diseases Polyps Hyperplastic polyps Tubular (pedunculated) adenomas Tubulo-villous adenomas Villous adenomas Adenoma-carcinoma multistep cancerogenesis model Polyposis of colon Familial polyposis of colon Gardner's syndrome Turcot's syndrome Peutz-Jeghers' syndrome Colorectal carcinoma Appendices Mucocele and pseudomyxoma peritonei SKIN Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Nevi and melanoma HEMATOPOIETIC AND LYMPHOID SYSTEM Specific and non-specific adenopathies Non-Hodgkin lymphomas Hodgkin lymphoma Myeloma Splenomegaly LIVER AND BILIARY TRACT Jaundice Hepatic failure Vascular diseases Steatosis Reye's syndrome Cholangitis and liver abscesses Viral hepatitis Chronic hepatitis Massive and sub-massive hepatic necrosis Hepatic cirrhosis Portal Hypertension Alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis Post-necrotic, post-hepatitic cirrhosis Biliary cirrhosis Hemochromatosic cirrhosis Wilson's disease, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit Hepatocarcinoma Colangiocarcinoma Gallstones disease Cholecystitis Tumors of gallbladder, cholangiocarcinomas, Vater's papilla carcinoma PANCREAS Acute and chronic pancreatitis Carcinoma MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Testis and epidydimis Tumors Prostate Prostatic hyperplastic nodular disease Carcinoma FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Uterine cervix Cervicitis Polyps Pre-cancerous lesions Carcinoma Uterus and endometrium Endometriosis and adenomyosis Dysfunctional uterine bleedings Endometrial hyperplasia Tumors Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma Endometrial carcinoma Ovary Tumors Common epithelial tumors Serous tumors Mucinous tumors Endometroid tumors Clear cells tumors Brenner's tumor Germ cells tumors Teratoma Dysgerminoma Yolk sac tumor Chorioncarcinoma Stromal tumors Granulosa cells tumors Fibroma-thecoma-luteoma Sertoli-Leydig cells tumors Clinical features in ovarian neoplasms Metastatic ovarian tumors Gestational trophoblastic diseases Hydatiform mole Invasive mole Chorioncarcinoma BREAST Fibrocystic lesions Sclerosing adenosis Epithelial hyperplasia Relations between fibrocystic lesions and carcinoma Thraumatic fat necrosis Tumors Fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor Papilloma and papillary carcinoma Carcinoma Diagnostic procedures in breast cancer Prognostic factors in breast cancer Pathology of male breast Gynecomastia Carcinoma Tyroid Thyroidites Hashimoto's thyroiditis De Quervain's subacute thyroiditis Riedel's thyroiditis Diffuse (non-toxic) and multinodular goiters Hyperthyroidism Graves-Flaiani-basedow's disease (toxic goiter) Adenomas Carcinomas Thyroglossal duct cysts Adrenal glands Hypo- and hyperfunction of adrenal glands Tumors Endocrine pancreas Pathologic anatomy in diabetes mellitus NERVOUS SYSTEM Frequent pathophysiologic complications Intracranial hypertension and hernations Intracranial edema Hydrocephalus Infections Meningitis Pyogenic meningitis Lymphocytic meningitis Chronic meningitis Brain abscesses Vascular diseases Hischemic encephalopathy Ischemic stroke Non-thraumatic cerebral hemorrage Intraparenchymal hemorrage Subarachnoid hemorrage Mixed intraparenchymal and subarachnoid hemorrage Epidural hematoma Subdural hematoma Demyelinative disease Multiple sclerosis Tumors of central nervous system W.H.O. classification Metastatic tumors

ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY - MOD. 3

Code	GP004565
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Angelo Sidoni
Teachers	Angelo Sidoni
Hours	24 ore - Angelo Sidoni
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Medicina di laboratorio e diagnostica integrata
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Please see MOD.1
Reference texts	Please see MOD.1
Educational objectives	Please see MOD.1
Prerequisites	Please see MOD.1
Teaching methods	Please see MOD.1
Other information	Please see MOD.1
Learning verification modality	Please see MOD.1
Extended program	Please see MOD.1

ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY - MOD. 4

Code	GP004566
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	1
Teacher	Guido Bellezza
Teachers	Guido Bellezza
Hours	12 ore - Guido Bellezza
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Medicina di laboratorio e diagnostica integrata
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Main human pathological diseases of central nervous system and oral cavity.
Reference texts	V. Kumar, A.K. Abbas, N. Fausto, J.C. Aster Le basi patologiche delle malattie, Elsevier, VIII ed, 2010
Educational objectives	The main goal of education is to provide students with the foundation for dealing with the study of central nervous system and oral cavity diseases. Particular attention will be given in this regard to the aspects of the differential diagnosis between various injuries clinically evident. At the end of the course the student will be able to correlate the pathological aspects with those clinical and formulate hypotheses to propose all'anatomo differential diagnostic pathologist through biopsies and cytological .
Prerequisites	In order to understand and know how to apply the most important human diseases and pathological aspects of the same with the anatomical and clinical correlations necessary, the student must have basic knowledge of Anatomy, Histology, Biology, physiology and general pathology
Teaching methods	face-to-face Participation in autopsies. Demonstration of surgical specimens
Learning verification modality	Oral examination
Extended program	Intracranial hemorrhage: intraparenchymal, subaracnoid and epidural hematoma. Cerebral infarction. Meningitis. Cerebral Tumors. Oral cavity disease

PROFESSIONALISING TRAINING IN ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY

Code	GP005555
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Angelo Sidoni
Teachers	Angelo Sidoni
Hours	50 ore - Angelo Sidoni
Learning activities	Altro
Area	Tirocini formativi e di orientamento
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	The professional training in Pathological Anatomy is carried out at the request of the student in the fifth and sixth years after having passed the examination of Pathological Anatomy and aims to illustrate the role of this discipline in the daily assistance to the patient.ick. During the week of attendance, the student follows all the routine diagnostic activities of the ward
Reference texts	Not required
Educational objectives	Learn to use Pathological Anatomy for the good of patients
Prerequisites	Having passed the Pathological Anatomy exam
Teaching methods	Practical sessions
Other information	bookings on the degree course website
Learning verification modality	not required
Extended program	not required