Unit BLOOD DISEASES

Course
Medical, veterinary and forensic biotechnological sciences
Study-unit Code
A001773
Curriculum
Medico
Teacher
Enrico Tiacci
Teachers
  • Enrico Tiacci
  • Roberta La Starza (Codocenza)
Hours
  • 7 ore - Enrico Tiacci
  • 45 ore (Codocenza) - Roberta La Starza
CFU
6
Course Regulation
Coorte 2022
Offered
2023/24
Learning activities
Affine/integrativa
Area
Attività formative affini o integrative
Academic discipline
MED/15
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa monodisciplinare
Language of instruction
English
Contents
Hematopoiesis (erythropoiesis, granulocytopoiesis, monocytopoiesis, plateletopoiesis, lymphocytopoiesis).
Clonal hematopoiesis
Characteristics of blood cells. Hematopoietic and leukemic stem cell. Mechanisms of gene regulation (gene mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, mutations in non-coding sequences with formation of new enhancers, gene silencing, methylation, role of telomeric and centromeric regions, oncogenes, tumor suppressors
Leukemogenesis. Clonal age-related hematopoiesis. Molecular bases and molecular mechanisms of: Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Acute leukemia (lymphoid and myeloid)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (high and low degree; at B- and T- cell), Cellular plasma discrasias
Hereditary hematological malignancies, congenital syndromes with an increase risk of leukemia, predisposing abnormalities
Reference texts
Corso di malattie del sangue e degli organi emolinfopoietici (S.Tura, Esculapio Ed)
Introduzione alla Medicina Molecolare (D Ross, Springer Biomed)
Educational objectives
At the end of the course the student will have to know the main elements of genetics, and epigenetics, that underlie the pathogenesis and / or progression of onco-hematological diseases
Prerequisites
Knowledge of the main causes of the disease and the related etiopathogenetic mechanisms. Basic physiopathological mechanisms of the main systems and systems. Elements of pathological anatomy, histological and cytological examinations
Teaching methods
Lessons
excercises
Other information
Evaluation of the internship is carried out in progress and during the course of the student's practical activities
Learning verification modality
Written exam with 2 open descriptive questions (10-15 lines available). The candidate has 30 minutes for these questions.
Extended program
Hematopoiesis, stem cells, myeloid lineage differentiation and lymphonodes, organs of hematopoiesis (bone marrow, liver, spleen, yolk sac) lymphatic system; Blood: corpuscular elements, plasma.
Clonal hematopoiesis and involved genes
Molecular-cytogenetic markers for the genetic diagnosis of Acute leukemias: LAM, LAL B cells, LAL T cells: clinical and diagnostic tests; chronic myeloproliferative diseases: chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, idiopathic myelofibrosis, chronic eosinophilia leukemia; Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with tyrosine kinase involvement FGFR1, PDGFRA, PDGFRB; Chronic lymphatic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, indolent and aggressive, B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; Monoclonal gammopathies: MGUS, multiple-smoldering and symptomatic myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma of bone; medullary aplasia; Myelodysplastic syndromes
For each nosological entity the classification aspects that are based on internationally recognized criteria (WHO 2017) will be addressed, in particular I will focus on the bio-molecular aspects of diseases. The physiological and pathological functional aspects of oncogenes and suppressors involved in the pathogenesis and / or progression of the disease will be addressed. The mechanisms of deregulation of cellular functions (proliferation, self-maintenance, survival and differentiation) which underlie the leukemic transformation will also be discussed.
A focus will be made on the main signal transduction pathways that are deregulated in the main hematological neoplastic diseases and that represent potential targets of molecular therapy.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile
3 - Health and welfare
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