Unit CLINICAL VETERINARY SURGERY I

VETERINARY ANESTEHESIOLOGY

Code	85008702
CFU	2
Teacher	Marco Pepe
Teachers	Marco Pepe Sara Nannarone (Codocenza)
Hours	3 ore - Marco Pepe 23 ore (Codocenza) - Sara Nannarone
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	The aim of the course is to provide students with the basic knowledge required to choose the more appropriate anesthetic protocol according to the type of surgery, the ASA status of the patient (i.e. its clinical condition) and the species. Basic knowledge of pharmacology and drugs useful in anesthesia will be discussed, beside the practical management of anesthetic protocols in several clinical settings (surgery, diagnostic, emergency) .
Reference texts	Main text: Bufalari Antonello & Lachin Adriano: Anestesia cane, gatto e animali non convenzionali Other text useful for consultation of all other animal species: Lumb & Jones' Veterinary anesthesia and analgesia. for a deeper consultation on equine anesthesia: Muir & Hubbel: Equine Anesthesia - monitoring and emergency therapy. 2009, 2nd ed. Saunders Francesco Staffieri: Anestesia e analgesia locoregionale del cane e del gatto. Poletto editore 2013
Educational objectives	Students should be able to apply in practice what we discuss during theoretical lectures (KNOW). KNOW HOW -> students should be able to: - perform a preanesthetic examination, - choose the most adequate anesthetic and preoperative analgesic protocol and breathing circuit to provide general anesthesia or sedation, according to the type of patient and occurring disease, - being able to evaluate vital parameters both clinically and helped by instrumental monitoring, in order to provide the best welfare to both patient and operators.
Teaching methods	THEORETICAL ACTIVITY: - lectures in classroom on all the subjects of the course. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY: - practical activities with clinical cases referred to the OVUD where the group of students involved will have to: * visit the patient and define its ASA status * identify and discuss possible problems which could arise during anesthesia due to the concurrent disease and /or the surgical procedure * define an anesthetic protocol which fit to the case, choose the moleculs and calculate the amount to administer * surgically prepare the area and insert the intravenous catheter, administer preoperative medical tretment required (i.e. antibiotics and antinflammatory drugs) *assist during premedication and induction phases, as well as during maintenance while recording vital parameters by means of clinical and instrumental support, recognizing the adequate phyiologic range in order to provide a safe anesthesia devoid of risks for the animal and the operators - According to the availability of cadavers, wet-lab would be perform to improve skillness on : * tracheal intubation, * venous catheterization If cadavers would not be available, dummies will be used. SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ACTIVITY: - preparation of an "anesthetic plan" based on an hypothetic patient according to its history, lab exams and occurring disease and surgeli to be performed, so that they will provide description of: possible complications, anesthetic protocol (drugs selected for each anesthetic phase: premedication, induction, maintenance, moreover drugs and fluids of support), perioperative analgesia, breathing circuit and elective monitoring.
Extended program	- introducution to the course : preanesthetic examination, preoperative instrumental exams, ASA status (1,5h) - Phases of anesthesia and balanced anesthesia. Anesthetic depth (1,5h) - The anesthetic machine - notes on instrumental monitoring (1,5h) - Breathing systems linear and circular (1,5h) - Preanesthetic drugs: phenothiazines and benzodiazepine (1,5h) - Preanesthetic drugs: alpha2 agonists and opioids (1,5h) - Induction drugs: barbiturates, cycloexamines (1,5h) - Induction drugs: propofol and alfaxolone. Inhalant anesthetics: halogenates (1,5 h) - Introduction on pain evaluation on domestic animals (1,5h) - Notes on farm animals anesthesia: equids, ruminants, swines (3h) - Local anesthetics and main loco-regional techniques (1,5h) Not directly presented as lectures, but included in the program and discussed during clinical rotations/practical sessions the following topics: - ventilation: from different types of endotracheal tubes to the correct use of ventilators. - neuromusclar blocking agents - bloodgas analysis and interpretation during specific clinical contests - emergency in anesthesia

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING

Code	85008903
CFU	3
Teacher	Rodolfo Gialletti
Teachers	Rodolfo Gialletti Antonio Di Meo (Codocenza)
Hours	34.5 ore - Rodolfo Gialletti 4.5 ore (Codocenza) - Antonio Di Meo
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Allow students to improve the knowledge on the diagnostic imaging, the diagnostic possibilities of different diagnostic techniques such as radiology, ultrasound, CT, MRI and scintigraphy in domestic animals.
Reference texts	Reef: Equine diagnostic ultrasound. Kidd: Atlas of Equine ultrasonography. Butler: Clinical Radiology of the Horse Bertoni Brunetti Pozzi: Radiologia Veterinaria.
Educational objectives	The course is the first step all dedicated to the management of diagnostic means for usable images in small and large animals. (know and know how) The main objective of the course is to provide theoretical and practical sessions with the basis for tackling good diagnostic tests by the use of different systems available in Veterinary medicine. Through the knowledge first and then trough the use of different diagnostic procedures students will have the possibility to follow the correct diagnostic procedures. The knowledge and use of radiology, ultrasound, the CT, MRI and scintigraphy are fundamental tools in veterinary clinical practice. The main skills (ie the ability to apply their knowledge) will be the acquisition by the student to manage virtually clinical cases in small and large animals
Teaching methods	The course is organized as follows. Lectures on some of the topics of the module programme Tutorial in operating theaters and examination rooms of OVUD. The students according to the number are divided into groups for the practical work and for the Clinical Rotation and, possibly with the OVUD caseload, as regards the clinical routine cases while a group take place directly on the patient diagnostic procedures, another with the teacher, address conventional diagnostic procedures. Particular attention will be paid to the logical approach of the diagnostic procedure in emergency or elective cases from the referred animals until the therapy and possible discharge of the case.
Other information	This course could includes also complementary didactic activity represented by meetings and seminars with PhD students, interns by planning and agreeing with the students without overlapping with other courses and activities during the semester
Extended program	Introduction to the course of diagnostic imaging; Procedures and rules for the examination; Teaching materials.(60') sonographic artifacts (60') abdominal ultrasound (90') Ultrasound abdominal parenchymal organs(90') Outbuildings umbilical foal(60') Ultrasound soft tissues of the neck(60') Principles of ultrasound tendon and articular (90') Ultrasound hock and knee in the dog (60') Ultrasound shoulder dog (60') foot(60') fetlock(60') metacarpus(60') carpus(60') hock(60') stifle(60') OCD radiographic signs(60') Neck and back (60') muscle injury(60') thoracic ultrasound(90') Interpretation of radiographic signs(60') CT (60') Magnetic Resonance(60') scintigraphy (60') Use image intensifier(60') eye ultrasound(60')

OPERATIVE MEDICINE

Code	GP005396
CFU	2
Teacher	Marco Pepe
Teachers	Marco Pepe Sara Nannarone (Codocenza)
Hours	23 ore - Marco Pepe 3 ore (Codocenza) - Sara Nannarone
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Knowdlege of the main surgical procedures in all apparatus of the domestic animals. The emphasis of this course is development of advanced understanding of relevant surgical procedures in small and large animals that lead to appropriate decision making. There will be particular attention on the principles of reconstructive surgery, intestinal surgery and determination of intestinal viability and postoperative care and complications associated with abdominal surgery. There are also an overview of upper respiratory airway, all procedures af the muscoloscheletral apparatus, uro-genital system, nervous system and eye and adenexa.
Reference texts	Auer: Equine Surgery, IV edition Saunders Ed. ISBN 0 7216 2860 5 Fossum: Chirurgia dei piccoli animali, Masson Ed. ISBN 88 214 2684 X Slatter: Chirurgia dei piccoli animali, III Ed., Antonio Delfino Ed. Roma ISBN 88 72873347
Educational objectives	The course is the first dedicated to teaching all operative medicine of small and large animals. The main objective of the course is to provide theoretical and practical sessions to address the knowledge and techniques of surgical instrumentation an materials, and most common procedures in domestic animals. The main focus of the knowledge gained will be mainly for the knowledge of operating rooms and surgical environments, the concepts of sterilization, antisepsis, surgical patient preparation and surgical instruments as well the knowledge of the techniques and conventional and minimally invasive surgical procedures The main skills (ie the ability to apply their knowledge) will be the acquisition by the student to know practically instrumentations and surgical procedures in small and large animals.
Teaching methods	The course is organized as follows .. Classroom lectures on the topics of the course 18 hours Exercises in ambulatory and surgical suites of the OVUD. The students based on the number will be divided into groups and, possibly with the OVUD caseload, one group take place directly on the patient diagnostic procedures, another will be involved under the teacher supervision in the surgical procedures or therapies and critical care as appropriate. Particular attention will be focused to the logical approach of the clinical case from the referred animals until the therapy and possible discharge of the case necessary. 8 hrs student divided in small groups
Extended program	Introduction to the surgery Surgery facilities sterilization, Antisepsis Preparation on the surgical patient sepsis; Sterilization; Post Operative management (1 hr) Shock Patient with trauma Endotoxiemia (1 Hr) Biomaterials Surgical theatre (1 Hr) Surgical instrumentations Surgical techniques Suture Materials and patterns surgical techniques, (1 Hr) Surgical implants and instruments Laser in veterinary surgery Wound management and repair Surgical site infection and treatment Drains, Bandages, External Coaptation (1 Hr) Musculoskeletal surgical techniques: method of internal and external fracture fixation (1 Hr) Gastrointestinal surgical techniques: surgery of oral cavity, oesophagus, salivary glands, stomach, intestine, rectum and anus, liver and biliary system (2 Hr) Respiratory surgical techniques: upper and lower respiratory tract in large and small animals (3 Hr) Urinary and reproductive system surgical techniques: surgery of kidneys, bladder, urethra, in small and large animals testicles, ovarian and perineum Laparoscopy (1 Hr) Opthalmic surgery (1 Hr) Arthroscopy, tenoscopy, concept of joint treatments (1 Hr) Rectal and rectovaginal tears (1 Hr) Knee elbow and ankle disease small animals Equine hoof diseases (1 Hr) Tendons and Ligament diseases (1 Hr) Angular limb Deformity (1 Hr)