Unit ENVIRONMENTAL APPLIED PHYSICS
- Course
- Building engineering and architecture
- Study-unit Code
- A001129
- Curriculum
- In all curricula
- Teacher
- Anna Laura Pisello
- CFU
- 12
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2021
- Offered
- 2023/24
- Type of study-unit
- Opzionale (Optional)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa integrata
APPLIED PHYSICS
| Code | A001130 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Anna Laura Pisello |
| Teachers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Base |
| Area | Discipline fisico-tecniche ed impiantistiche per l'architettura |
| Academic discipline | ING-IND/11 |
| Type of study-unit | Opzionale (Optional) |
| Language of instruction | Italian, with the chance to offer support in English and technical content in English offered by the lecturer. |
| Contents | Applied Physics is the discipline that analyzes the relationship between heat, work, and systems and studies the nature and qualitative-quantitative aspects of energy processes. The program and structure of its contents consist of two parts: Applied Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer. Applied Thermodynamics comprises several analytical and theoretical methods that can be applied to energy conversion machines. Heat Transfer consists of a number of models that allow for the prediction of heat exchange between bodies. Although it is a classical theoretical discipline, the contents are adapted from the beginning to civil applications, aiming to create a greater awareness in students of the potential use of fundamental concepts while also laying the groundwork for more applied developments in the field of Civil Engineering and Architecture. |
| Reference texts | Lecture notes by the teacher and, in addition, Environmental Technical Physics, with elements of Acoustics and Lighting Technology - McGrawHill - Y. Cengel, G. Dall'ò, L. Sarto Eventually integrated with: Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 10th Edition By Yunus Cengel and Michael Boles and Mehmet Kanoglu Published: January 30, 2023 |
| Educational objectives | Knowledge and technical-quantitative skills on the following topics: Energy, energy transfer, and energy analysis. Pure substances. Closed systems. Control volumes and conservation of mass. Second law of thermodynamics. Entropy. Gas and vapor mixtures, atmospheric air. Heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. |
| Prerequisites | Basic knowledge of Mathematical Analysis, calculus, and General Physics. |
| Teaching methods | Frontal lessons and exercises, including applied calculations. |
| Other information | Availability of the lecturer via email and by appointment (via Teams or in person). |
| Learning verification modality | Written and oral examination and Lab homework executed with the applied support given by the lecturer. |
| Extended program | 1. Thermodynamics: Basic concepts and definitions. 2. The First Law of Thermodynamics. 3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Reversible and irreversible processes. 4. Open systems (mass, energy, entropy balance). 5. Single-component simple systems and (p,v) diagrams. Liquids. 6. Saturated vapors. 7. Superheated vapors. 8. Ideal gases. 9. Real gases. 10. Thermodynamic diagrams (T,s), (h,s), (p,h), and (T,p). 11. Steam power cycles. Refrigeration cycle. 12. Compressible fluid flow. 13. Gas mixtures. 14. Perfect gas mixtures. 15. Fundamentals of psychrometrics. 16. Heat transfer by conduction. Fourier's law. Fourier's equation. 17. Heat transfer by convection. Natural convection. Forced convection. 18. Radiative heat transfer. 19. Overall heat transfer coefficient. 20. Heat exchangers. Logarithmic mean temperature difference. 21. Thermal comfort: Thermohygrometric balance of the human body; comfort indices (direct, derived, and empirical). 22. Causes of local discomfort. 23. Comfort diagrams and regulatory references. 24. Indoor air quality: Major pollutants; sick building syndrome; filtration systems. |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | The course on Applied Physics, dealing with Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, and Heat Transfer is of great importance in light of the objectives of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development. This course provides the necessary scientific and technical foundations to address crucial challenges related to energy efficiency, sustainable resource utilization, and environmental impact reduction. Firstly, the course covers the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, which are essential for understanding and optimizing energy processes. Knowledge of these principles is crucial for the development of efficient and sustainable energy solutions, directly related to Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda: "Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all." Secondly, the course focuses on heat transfer, which is of fundamental importance for the design and optimization of heating, cooling, and air conditioning systems in buildings. Proper heat management within buildings contributes to Goal 11: "Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable," promoting energy efficiency in buildings and the well-being of occupants. Additionally, the course addresses topics such as indoor air quality and resource optimization, which are important for achieving Goals 3 (Good health and well-being), 12 (Responsible consumption and production), and 13 (Climate action). Finally, the course equips students with the ability to understand and analyze energy and thermal processes from a sustainable perspective, enabling them to contribute significantly to the development and implementation of innovative solutions to address environmental and climate challenges in the current global context. Overall, the course on Technical Physics, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, and Heat Transfer plays a key role in providing students with the scientific and technical skills necessary to tackle the challenges of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development and promote a more sustainable and equitable future. The knowledge acquired in the course of Applied Physics offers numerous employment opportunities within the framework of the Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. One relevant field is represented by building energy efficiency. The skills acquired in the course enable the design and optimization of heating, cooling, and air conditioning systems that reduce energy consumption and the environmental impact of buildings. Another area concerns the development and implementation of sustainable energy solutions. The thermodynamics knowledge allows understanding and optimizing energy processes, both for the use of renewable sources and for efficient energy resource management. This opens up career prospects as sustainable energy system designers, clean energy consultants, renewable energy engineers, and researchers in advanced energy technologies. Additionally, the understanding of heat transfer processes and thermal management of spaces finds application in the field of sustainable construction. Experts in this field can work as thermal insulation system designers, environmental comfort engineers, energy efficiency consultants, and developers of advanced thermal materials. Furthermore, the skills acquired in the course are also relevant in the context of environmental policies and climate change. Experts in thermodynamics and heat transfer can contribute to the implementation of mitigation and adaptation policies, as well as the assessment and management of the environmental impact of industrial activities. |
MICROCLIMATE, LIGHTING SYSTEMS AND ACOUSTICS
| Code | A001131 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Claudia Fabiani |
| Teachers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Affine/integrativa |
| Area | Attività formative affini o integrative |
| Academic discipline | ING-IND/11 |
| Type of study-unit | Opzionale (Optional) |
| Language of instruction | Italian, with English support provided by the lecturer for practical and technical guidance. |
| Contents | The course on Indoor and Outdoor Microclimate, Acoustics, and Lighting covers a wide range of topics related to the indoor and outdoor climate of buildings, acoustics, and lighting. Here's a description of the main content areas: Indoor and Outdoor Microclimate: Climatic Parameters and Variables: Study of the different factors that influence indoor and outdoor microclimate, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. Thermal Comfort: Analysis of criteria and indicators used to assess thermal comfort in indoor environments, as well as design strategies to optimize it. Energy Efficiency: In-depth exploration of techniques and design solutions aimed at reducing energy consumption in buildings through microclimate optimization and the use of high-energy-efficient systems and materials. Indoor Air Quality: Study of the main sources of indoor air pollution and strategies to improve air quality and occupant health. Sustainable Design: Exploration of methodologies and practices for sustainable design to create environmentally responsible indoor and outdoor environments, considering energy efficiency, renewable energy use, and integration of natural elements. Acoustics: Fundamentals of Acoustics: Introduction to basic concepts of acoustics, such as acoustic quantities, sound levels, sound propagation, and audibility. Reverberation and Sound Absorption: Study of sound reverberation in environments and design strategies to control it through the use of sound-absorbing materials and acoustic treatment solutions. Sound Insulation: In-depth examination of techniques and materials used to reduce sound transmission between adjacent spaces and ensure acoustic privacy within buildings. Acoustic Design: Analysis of criteria and regulations for acoustic design of environments, including indoor spaces, recording studios, auditoriums, and public areas. Lighting: Fundamentals of Lighting: Introduction to basic concepts of lighting, such as light, color, vision, and lighting quality. Lighting Types: Study of different light sources, including traditional lamps and LED lighting solutions, as well as natural lighting systems such as sunlight and artificial sky. Lighting Design: Analysis of design strategies to create well-illuminated environments, balancing natural and artificial lighting, considering energy efficiency, visual comfort, and safety. Lighting Control Systems: In-depth exploration of lighting control systems, such as the use of motion sensors, dimmers, and centralized management systems to optimize energy efficiency and lighting flexibility. This course provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and practices related to microclimate, acoustics, and lighting, equipping students with the necessary skills to design sustainable, comfortable, and functional environments. |
| Reference texts | Lecture notes provided by the instructor. |
| Educational objectives | The course aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the principles and fundamental concepts of microclimate and environmental well-being both inside and outside buildings. This includes analyzing climatic parameters such as temperature, humidity, air velocity, and solar radiation, and their impact on thermal comfort and occupant performance. Furthermore, the course aims to deepen knowledge of design strategies and technical solutions for controlling microclimate and enhancing environmental well-being in both indoor and outdoor environments. This involves analyzing building envelope characteristics, ventilation and air conditioning systems, as well as bioclimatic design strategies. Additionally, the course aims to develop skills in assessing and controlling natural and artificial lighting in indoor spaces. This includes understanding natural light sources, light distribution, lighting parameters, and design principles for optimizing lighting and reducing energy consumption. The course also aims to enhance understanding of acoustic issues in indoor and outdoor environments. This includes comprehending sound propagation principles, noise measurement and evaluation, as well as design strategies for acoustic control in buildings. Practical skills will be developed through the use of tools and analysis software for evaluating microclimate, lighting, and acoustics in buildings. This includes applying measurement, simulation, and computer-aided design methodologies to assess and optimize environmental performance in spaces. Furthermore, the course emphasizes integrating acquired knowledge to promote sustainable design and environmental well-being in buildings. This involves considering energy, environmental, and social aspects in the decision-making process and space design. Overall, the course aims to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing microclimate, environmental well-being, lighting, and acoustics in buildings, as well as the skills to apply this knowledge in sustainable design and performance optimization of spaces. |
| Prerequisites | Applied physics, Mathematical analysis, Physics. |
| Teaching methods | Class lessons, technical guided tours and critical assessments, practical design activities a group works. |
| Learning verification modality | Oral examination and design documentation analysis and critical assessment |
| Extended program | The listed program includes several modules and topics that will be covered in the course. Here's a description of each module: Introduction to the course: This lesson provides a general overview of the course and the topics that will be covered. Microclimate: Urban areas, surface balance: This module explores the concept of microclimate in urban areas and surface balance. It will cover the parameters and climatic variables that influence the indoor and outdoor environment of buildings. Microclimate: Leed-Well protocols: In this lesson, the Leed-Well protocols will be presented, which are certification standards for environmental sustainability in buildings. Design strategies that promote environmental well-being will be analyzed. Microclimate: UHI causes, consequences, and mitigation: This module focuses on Urban Heat Island (UHI) and its causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies. Design solutions to reduce the impact of UHI in urban areas will be explored. Microclimate: Bioclimatic design: This lesson delves into bioclimatic design, which considers the local climate and environmental characteristics to optimize thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption in buildings. Microclimate: Microclimate simulation, Envimet software presentation: In this lesson, the Envimet software will be presented, which is used for microclimate simulation. Students will have the opportunity to work with the software in an applicative laboratory. Introduction to Illumination: This module introduces the concepts of illumination, including the quantities and photometry related to lighting. Illumination: These modules explore natural lighting, artificial lighting, types of lamps and lighting fixtures, energy efficiency, and illumination design methodologies. Illumination: External lighting and light pollution: This lesson focuses on external lighting and light pollution. Strategies to reduce light pollution and optimize external lighting will be presented. Software + Illumination: In-class work on applicative laboratory - Illumination: Students will have the opportunity to work with specific software and apply their knowledge of illumination in a laboratory environment. Acoustics: These modules cover the fundamental aspects of acoustics, such as acoustical quantities, sound levels, sound fields, reverberation, and other core concepts. |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | This course plays a crucial role in the context of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The 2030 Agenda, adopted by the United Nations, sets forth a comprehensive framework of global goals and targets to address pressing environmental, social, and economic challenges facing our planet. These goals aim to ensure a sustainable future for all and promote the well-being of both current and future generations. The course on microclimate, environmental well-being, lighting, and acoustics directly contributes to several goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda. Here are some key ways in which this course aligns with the agenda: Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities: The course equips students with knowledge and skills to create sustainable and livable cities. By understanding the principles of microclimate, environmental well-being, lighting, and acoustics, students can contribute to designing buildings and spaces that enhance the quality of life, promote well-being, and reduce the environmental impact. Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy: The course addresses energy-related aspects such as lighting design and energy efficiency in buildings. By optimizing natural lighting and minimizing energy consumption, students can contribute to achieving the goal of affordable and clean energy. Goal 13: Climate Action: Understanding the principles of microclimate and energy-efficient design can help students contribute to climate change mitigation efforts. By implementing sustainable design strategies and reducing energy consumption in buildings, students can support the goal of mitigating climate change. Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being: The course emphasizes the importance of environmental well-being and its impact on occupant health and comfort. By designing spaces that promote thermal comfort, adequate lighting, and appropriate acoustics, students can contribute to creating healthier and more conducive living and working environments. Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure: The course promotes innovative design strategies and technical solutions for controlling microclimate, lighting, and acoustics in buildings. This supports the development of sustainable infrastructure and fosters innovation in the construction and architecture sectors. By providing students with knowledge and skills related to microclimate, environmental well-being, lighting, and acoustics, this course empowers them to contribute directly to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda. Through their future professional endeavors, students can apply these principles and contribute to creating a more sustainable and equitable world. |