Unit MACHINE
- Course
- Mechanical engineering
- Study-unit Code
- 70300012
- Curriculum
- Generale
- Teacher
- Michele Battistoni
- CFU
- 12
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2021
- Offered
- 2023/24
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa integrata
MODULE A
| Code | 70074205 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Michele Battistoni |
| Teachers |
|
| Hours |
|
| Learning activities | Caratterizzante |
| Area | Ingegneria energetica |
| Academic discipline | ING-IND/08 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | Introduction to fluid and thermal machines. Power generating and power absorbing turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid. Power generating and power absorbing turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid. Volumetric power generating and power absorbing machines. |
| Reference texts | Intructor's notes and personal notes. Course Book: V. Dossena et al., Macchine a fluido, Città Studi Edizioni, 2nd edition, 2020 Additional Reference books: - G. Bidini, Turbomacchine, Ed. Anteo, Perugia, 2008 - C. Caputo, Le Turbomacchine, Ambrosiana 1994 - G. Manfrida, S. Stecco, Le Turbomacchine, Pitagora Ed. 1993 - G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine Idrauliche, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015 - G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Scienze Termiche e Macchine a Vapore, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015 - G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine a Gas, Il Capitello, Torino, 2015 - S.L. Dixon, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, Elsevier, 2013 - L. Battisti, Gli Impianti Eolici, CittàStudi 2022 |
| Educational objectives | Acquire knowledge and skills concerning the analysis, selection and design of fluid machinery and components. |
| Prerequisites | knowledge of previous courses: Fisica Tecnica, Fisica and Analisi Matematica |
| Teaching methods | - lectures - exercises |
| Other information | |
| Learning verification modality | - written test - oral test |
| Extended program | - Introduction to fluid and thermal machines. Classification of Fluid Machinery: turbo- and volumetric machines, incompressible and compressible fluid. Theory of similitude, dimensional analysis. Reynolds number, Mach number, the specific speed, flow coefficients and pressure coefficient. Boundary layer, lift and drag of a profile. Basic equations of fluid mechanics. Turbine blades, phenomenology of the flow through orifices and blade passages. - Dimensional Analysis: Similitude. - Power generating turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid: steam turbines and gas turbines. Fluid dynamics of expansion nozzles, rotating and fixed vanes; static and total flow quantities; Hugoniot equations; Stodola cone, criteria for nozzle sizing; velocity triangles; work exchange between fluid and blades; degree of reaction; stage efficiency; volumetric efficiency; effect of steam humidity; multi-stage turbines; turbine types; three-dimensional effects; part-load operation of turbines. Basics of radial flow turbines. Steam turbine and gas turbine stages. Refrigeration of gas turbine blades. Power absorbing turbomachines operating with Compressible fluid: centrifugal and axial compressors. Introduction to centrifugal compressors; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves; slip factor, diffuser and volute. Sizing of a centrifugal compressor. Introduction to axial compressors; blades, vanes, stages; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves. Sizing of an axial compressor stage. Flow phenomenology through vanes. Limits of 1D approach; pressure profiles. Compressors in a system; stalling and surging. - Power generating turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid: hydraulic turbines. Equations for incompressible flows; Bernoulli's equation; basics of hydroelectric power generation. Hydraulic turbine features; Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines. Degree of reaction; velocity triangles; dimensional analysis; flow and pressure coefficients; performance curves. Cavitation. - Power absorbing turbomachines operating with Incompressible fluid: pumps. Centrifugal pumps. Blades, vanes, velocity triangles; performance curves; diffuser, volute. Cavitation. NPSH, Pump-circuit system. Serial and parallel configuration. Centrifugal pump design. - Volumetric power generating and power absorbing machines. Positive displacement machines: volumetric pumps, piston pumps, screw pumps. Performance curves. - Open rotor turbomachines: 1. wind turbines, types, actuator disc approach and elements of blade theory, 2. fundamentals of propellers. |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile |
MODULE B
| Code | 70074304 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Francesco Fantozzi |
| Teachers |
|
| Hours |
|
| Learning activities | Caratterizzante |
| Area | Ingegneria energetica |
| Academic discipline | ING-IND/08 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | General thermodynamic - Steam plants - Gas Turbines - Internal combustion engines - Gas-steam cycles - Nuclear and fuel cell basics - Renewables |
| Reference texts | C. Caputo, "Impianti termici" Ed. Masson S. Stecco, G. Manfrida, "Impianti di conversione energetica", Pitagora. Slides |
| Educational objectives | 1st & 2nd law analysis of energy systems and components. Design and operation of energy systems based on steam and or gas cycles, internal combustion engines, nuclear and renewables |
| Prerequisites | Applied Physics |
| Teaching methods | Frontal Lessons and numerical exercises |
| Other information | na |
| Learning verification modality | Written test (50% min score 15/30): n.1 numerical design case of an energy plant or a component. Oral test (50% min score 18/30): n.2 open questions on powerplants and components. Info on facilities for students with special needs available at https://www.unipg.it/en/international-students/general-information/facilities-for-special-needs-students |
| Extended program | Essential Thermodynamics, 1st & 2nd law, exergy - Steam cycles – performance and - improvements - Regeneration - reheat - Air-fumes and water-steam circuits - Components - Gas turbine cycles - performance and improvements - Regeneration – Inter cooling - post combustion – Layout and Components - Gas-steam cycles: Combined cycles - STIG, HAT & RWI – Basics of aerospace propulsion - Internal combustion engines - Cycles: Beau de Rochas - Otto - Diesel - Sabbathè Performance and components for 2 & 4 strokes engines -- Nuclear Energy; Renewable energies: Solar - Wind - Hydro - Geothermal - Biomass & Waste |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | 7-11-12 |