Unit INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY

Course
Environment and workplace prevention techniques
Study-unit Code
GP001512
Curriculum
In all curricula
CFU
6
Course Regulation
Coorte 2022
Offered
2023/24
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa integrata

PHARMACOLOGY

Code GP001539
CFU 3
Teacher Maria Teresa Pallotta
Teachers
  • Maria Teresa Pallotta
Hours
  • 30 ore - Maria Teresa Pallotta
Learning activities Base
Area Primo soccorso
Academic discipline BIO/14
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents Definitions of the drug. Pharmacokinetics: processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs. Variability of the biological response. Pharmacodynamics: mechanisms of action of the drug, binding to receptors or specific target molecules. Potency and efficacy of drugs, therapeutic index. Agonists and antagonists. Experimentation of drugs in the preclinical phase. Classification of the toxic effects of xenobiotics and mechanisms of cell damage.
Reference texts R. Paoletti, S. Nicosia, F Clementi, G. Fumagalli: Farmacologia generale e molecolare, UTET, Torino
and
M.A. Clark, R. Finkel, J.A. Rey, K. Whalen: Le basi della farmacologia, Zanichelli
and
Caserett & Doull. Elementi di tossicologia, Casa editrice ambrosiana, 2013
Educational objectives The main objective of the course is to provide the student with the pharmacological basis for understanding of the xenobiotics effects on subjects in the workplace. General pharmacology is the study of the fundamentals of drug action. It evaluates the relationship between the organism and the drug and analyzes the general mechanisms of the interaction between the two systems. These aspects can be translated to all xenobiotics (i.e. substances foreign to the organism). The main knowledge acquired will be related to:
1) absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs / toxic agents
2) routes of administration / contact
3) drugs / toxic agents target
4) mechanisms of xenobiotic toxicity
5) factors that influence the response to the toxic agent

The acquired knowledge will allow the student to achieve the following skills:
1) understand the mechanism of action of drugs and toxic agents
2) understand the dose-effect relevance
3) how to prevent the appearance of toxic effects
4) how to determine the efficacy and toxicity of a drug
Prerequisites To effectively follow and understand the topics covered in the Pharmacology module, it is essential for the student to have the general notions of Integrated Human Function Sciences and Human Morphology and Physiopathology. Knowledge of these topics is essential for the student who wants to follow the course successfully.
Teaching methods The teaching of PHARMACOLOGY is organized in the following way:
-lectures in the classroom on all the topics described in the program (theoretical part);
- practical lessons: the practical course is organized in an intensive 10-hour module, in which the student performs a cytotoxicity test to evaluate the effect of a xenobiotic on cell cultures. Use of virtual programs on the observational study of pharmacological effects in mice and experiments on an isolated organ
Other information Compulsory course attendance
Learning verification modality witten exam
multple choise
Extended program Principles of general pharmacology, definition of drug. Bioavailability. Routes of drug administration. Pharmacokinetics. Absorption of drugs: membrane transport mechanisms. Drug distribution: drug-protein binding, apparent volume of distribution. Biotransformation of xenobiotics, Phase I and II reactions. Factors that influence the response to the drug: genetic polymorphism, physiological or pathological state, environmental factors. Enzyme inducers and inhibitors. Excretion of xenobiotics. Elimination mechanisms: renal, biliary, respiratory, milky. Pharmacokinetic parameters: volume of distribution, half-life time, clearance. Pharmacodynamics: mechanisms of action of the drug, binding to receptors or specific target molecules. Definition of the affinity constant, of the gradual and quantal dose-response curves. Potency and efficacy of drugs, therapeutic index. Agonists and antagonists. Toxicology: definition, purpose, fields of intervention. Classification of toxic effects, dose-effect relationship. Cell damage mechanisms. Fundamental secondary and side effects of drugs. Factors that influence the toxic response: factors related to the toxic, the individual and the contact time. Acute, subacute, subchronic, chronic toxicity, mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, reproductive system toxicity, teratogenesis. Pharmacokinetic modifications in intoxications. Combined effects of chemicals, antidotes and their mechanism of action. Cyanide poisoning. Occupational toxicology: occupational exposure to toxic substances, risk estimation in the workplace. Experimentation of drugs in the preclinical phase. In vitro models: cell cultures, (types and possible uses). Laboratory equipment and reagents. Ex vivo experimentation: isolated organs (types and possible uses).

RADIATION PROTECTION

Code GP001540
CFU 1
Teacher Gianluca Ingrosso
Teachers
  • Gianluca Ingrosso
Hours
  • 10 ore - Gianluca Ingrosso
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Scienze della prevenzione e dei servizi sanitari
Academic discipline MED/36
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italiano
Contents 1. Radioprotezione e Radiazioni ionizzanti
2. Interazione fra radiazioni ionizzanti e materia
3. Unità di misura delle radiazioni ionizzanti
4. Radiobiologia
5. Radioprotezione in generale
• Sorveglianza medica -> Aspetti medico/legali
• Sorveglianza fisica -> Aspetti medico/legali
• Aree sorvegliate e controllate
• Dispositivi di misurazione della dose
- Dosimetri ambientale
- Dosimetria del Personale
- Dose massima ammissibile
- Principio di giustificazione
• Dispositivi di Protezione

6. Radioprotezione in Radiodiagnostica
7. Radioprotezione in Medicina Nucleare e Laboratorio
8. Radioprotezione in Radioterapia Oncologica
9. Radioprotezione in realtà extra sanitarie
• Gallerie
• Terme
• Centrali elettriche e nucleari
Reference texts 1. Villari, Biti, Fava et al Diagnostica per immagini , Medicina Nucleare e Radioterapia; Piccin Editore 2011
2. Cittadini et al DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI E RADIOTERAPIA; EDRA Editore 2015
3. Diapositive presentate durante le lezioni e fornite dal docente
Educational objectives Cenni di Fisica delle radiazioni ionizzanti e cenni di Radiobiologia. Radioprotezione del Personale Esposto, del Malato e della Popolazione in genere
Prerequisites Nessuno
Teaching methods Lezioni in aula con proiezione di diapositive e interazione continua con gli allievi
Learning verification modality Quiz con domande in prevalenza a risposta chiusa
Extended program 1. Radioprotezione e Radiazioni ionizzanti
2. Interazione fra radiazioni ionizzanti e materia
3. Unità di misura delle radiazioni ionizzanti
4. Radiobiologia
5. Radioprotezione in generale
• Sorveglianza medica -> Aspetti medico/legali
• Sorveglianza fisica -> Aspetti medico/legali
• Aree sorvegliate e controllate
• Dispositivi di misurazione della dose
- Dosimetri ambientale
- Dosimetria del Personale
- Dose massima ammissibile
- Principio di giustificazione
• Dispositivi di Protezione

6. Radioprotezione in Radiodiagnostica
7. Radioprotezione in Medicina Nucleare e Laboratorio
8. Radioprotezione in Radioterapia Oncologica
9. Radioprotezione in realtà extra sanitarie
• Gallerie
• Terme
• Centrali elettriche e nucleari

INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY

Code GP001538
CFU 2
Teacher Marco Dell'omo
Teachers
  • Marco Dell'omo
Hours
  • 20 ore - Marco Dell'omo
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Scienze della prevenzione nell'ambiente e nei luoghi di lavoro
Academic discipline MED/44
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents Chemical risk assessment and occupational and environmental diseases due to chemical agents
Reference texts L. Alessio, G. Franco, F. Tomei. Trattato di medicina del lavoro. Piccin Ed., Padova, 2015
Educational objectives The learning outcomes are compliant with the provisions of the Degree Programme Regulations as published on the website: http: //www.med.unipg.it/ccl

The main knowledge that students will acquire concerns
- theoretical and practical aspects of environmental and biological monitoring
- pathophysiological and clinical aspects of the main occupational and environmental intoxications
Prerequisites In order to be able to learn and apply in practice the principles of occupational and environmental toxicology, it is useful that the student:
- has passed the examinations of physiology and pathology.
Teaching methods The course will include lectures on all topics of the program.
Other information //
Learning verification modality The exam will mainly concern on the issues of toxicology that were covered during the formal lectures
The exam will consist of one written test (open and closed answers)
Extended program Theoretical foundations of environmental and biological monitoring. Limit values (ACGIH and D.L.gs 81/2008) and reference values.
Intoxication by metals (e.g. lead, cadmium, chromium), solvents (e.g. n-hexane), other chemical agents (e.g. carbon monoxide, pesticides).
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile 3, 8
Condividi su