Unit HUMAN ISTOLOGY AND EMBRIOLOGY

HUMAN EMBRIOLOGY

Code	GP001285
CFU	3
Learning activities	Base
Area	B_03. morfologia umana
Sector	BIO/17
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

Cognomi A-L

CFU

3

Teacher

Tiziano Baroni

Teachers

• Tiziano Baroni

Hours

• 37.5 ore - Tiziano Baroni

Language of instruction

Italian

Contents

Gametogenesis. Ovarian and uterine cycles. Fertilization. The first week of development. Blastocyst implantation. Embryo annexa. Placenta. Trilaminar germ disk. Neurulation. Somite development. Development of the embryo coelom. Folding of the embryo.Developments of the main anatomical systems: Branchial, respiratory and digestive apparatus; uro-genital, cardiovascular, urogenital system.

Reference texts

AAVVV., Embriologia umana, Idelson-Gnocchi. (Ed. 2019)

Educational objectives

Human Embryology course aims to provide the basic knowledge of the mechanisms through which the main human anatomical systems develop. In perspective, the course provides the instruments to know the mechanisms that lead to birth defects. The main skills the students will acquire are:-critical knowledge of the gametogenesis and of the first stages of embryo development;- critical knowledge of the mechanisms through which histogenesis takes place and main anatomical systems develop during embryogenesis.The main skills (ability to apply the acquired knowledge) will be: -critical knowledge of both main human embryo stages and first organ bud by examinating pictures, videos and useful didactical models of human embryos.

Prerequisites

In order to be able to understand the arguments treated in the Embryology course, students should have knowledge of the basic scientific notions acquired in high school on general biology (particularly regarding the structure of eucariotic cell, cell nucleus, citoplasmic organelles, transcription, translation, cell division) and chemistry (acid-base concept, ions, molecules and macromolecules). Moreover, it is necessary to have attended the course of Histology.

Teaching methods

The course in organized as follows:-lectures on all subjects of the course;-practical lectures consisting of:1. projection of movies of human embryology and critical examination of pictures and didactical models of human embryos (4 lessons of 1 hour each, preceded by an introduction lecture);2. critical examination of didactical models of human embryos (3 lessons of 1 hour each, preceded by an introduction lecture).

Other information

The attendance is compulsory at least 70% of lessons.
Room bulding B polo universitario -Pzza L. Severi S. Andrea delle Fratte Perugia.

Learning verification modality

The final exam consists of a written, practical, and oral test. The written test consists of a reasonable number of questions (usually between 20 and 30) with closed and/or open answers to be answered within a reasonable time. The evaluation will consist of 1 point for each correct answer and 0 points for each incorrect or unanswered question. A passing grade of 18 points will allow students to take the subsequent tests. The practical test focuses on the critical recognition of one or more histological preparations observed under an optical microscope or represented in microphotographs; in particular, students must also demonstrate that they have acquired autonomy in the use of the optical microscope. The test results in a pass/fail judgement, which is essential for admission to the oral test. The latter includes at least three questions on topics related to histology and embryology. The written and oral tests are designed to assess the acquisition of logical and cognitive skills and the ability to interpret data. In particular, students must demonstrate knowledge of the histological and functional characteristics of human tissues and be able to apply this knowledge in the critical recognition of the various tissues observed under an optical microscope and/or shown in microphotographs. The oral exam is designed to assess not only the level of knowledge and understanding of the topics covered in Human Histology and Human Embryology, but also the student's ability to communicate effectively. The final exam grade is based on the results obtained in the written and oral exams and is expressed as a score out of 30. The final grade for the course in Human Histology and Embryology will be given by the weighted average of the grades obtained in the two modules (Human Histology and Human Embryology) that make up the course in Human Histology and Embryology.
For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or DSA visit http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa

Extended program

The course covers aspects of Embryology of clinical relevance that emphasize how embryology is an important part of medical practice. The program conducted will cover the following topics. Structural organization of the male gonad. Functions of the testis, spermatogenesis and related mechanisms of hormonal control. Structural organization of the female gonad. Functions of the ovary, ovogenesis. Phases of the ovarian cycle, uterine cycle and related mechanisms of hormonal control. Events related to Fertilization and early stages of embryonic development. Events related to the first and second weeks of development: segmentation, implantation,bilaminar disc. Notes on in vitro fertilization techniques and pre-implantation diagnosis, and biological basis of reproductive and therapeutic cloning. Phenomena regulating development of the embryonic trilaminar disc, primitive line formation and gastrulation, inductive interactions and neurulation; development of somites and embryonic coelom. Chorionic villus development, the stages of embryo folding and embryo body definition (weeks 3 and 4). Development of the placenta and its role.Twins. Formation of the first vascular network, embryonic and fetal hematopoiesis. Development of the heart and derivatives of the aortic arches.Notes on the development of the central nervous system.
Development of the branchial system, respiratory system, digestive system, and body cavities. Development of the urogenital system. Notes on the development of the skeletal and muscular systems. Embryological bases of the main malformations of the aforementioned apparatuses.

Cognomi M-Z

CFU

3

Teacher

Francesca Mancuso

Teachers

• Francesca Mancuso

Hours

• 37.5 ore - Francesca Mancuso

Language of instruction

Italian

Contents

Gametogenesis. Ovarian and uterine cycles. Fertilization. The first week of development. Blastocyst implantation. Embryo annexa. Placenta. Trilaminar germ disk. Neurulation. Somite development. Development of the embryo coelom. Folding of the embryo.Developments of the main anatomical systems: Branchial, respiratory and digestive apparatus; uro-genital, cardiovascular, urogenital system.

Reference texts

AAVVV., Embriologia umana, Idelson-Gnocchi. (Ed. 2019)

Educational objectives

Human Embryology course aims to provide the basic knowledge of the mechanisms through which the main human anatomical systems develop. In perspective, the course provides the instruments to know the mechanisms that lead to birth defects. The main skills the students will acquire are:-critical knowledge of the gametogenesis and of the first stages of embryo development;- critical knowledge of the mechanisms through which histogenesis takes place and main anatomical systems develop during embryogenesis.The main skills (ability to apply the acquired knowledge) will be: -critical knowledge of both main human embryo stages and first organ bud by examinating pictures, videos and useful didactical models of human embryos.

Prerequisites

In order to be able to understand the arguments treated in the Embryology course, students should have knowledge of the basic scientific notions acquired in high school on general biology (particularly regarding the structure of eucariotic cell, cell nucleus, citoplasmic organelles, transcription, translation, cell division) and chemistry (acid-base concept, ions, molecules and macromolecules). Moreover, it is necessary to have attended the course of Histology

Teaching methods

The course in organized as follows:-lectures on all subjects of the course;-practical lectures consisting of:1. projection of movies of human embryology and critical examination of pictures and didactical models of human embryos (4 lessons of 1 hour each, preceded by an introduction lecture);2. critical examination of didactical models of human embryos (3 lessons of 1 hour each, preceded by an introduction lecture).

Other information

The attendance is compulsory at least 70% of lessons. Room bulding B polo universitario -Pzza L. Severi S. Andrea delle Fratte Perugia. For information, clarification and to set up a reception time, please contact via e-mail: francesca.mancuso@unipg.it

Learning verification modality

The final exam consists of a written, practical, and oral test. The written test consists of a reasonable number of questions (usually between 20 and 30) with closed and/or open answers to be answered within a reasonable time. The evaluation will consist of 1 point for each correct answer and 0 points for each incorrect or unanswered question. A passing grade of 18 points will allow students to take the subsequent tests. The practical test focuses on the critical recognition of one or more histological preparations observed under an optical microscope or represented in microphotographs; in particular, students must also demonstrate that they have acquired autonomy in the use of the optical microscope. The test results in a pass/fail judgement, which is essential for admission to the oral test. The latter includes at least three questions on topics related to histology and embryology. The written and oral tests are designed to assess the acquisition of logical and cognitive skills and the ability to interpret data. In particular, students must demonstrate knowledge of the histological and functional characteristics of human tissues and be able to apply this knowledge in the critical recognition of the various tissues observed under an optical microscope and/or shown in microphotographs.
The oral exam aims to assess not only the student's level of knowledge and understanding of human histology and human embryology, but also their ability to communicate effectively. The final exam mark is based on the results obtained in the written and oral exams and is expressed as a score out of 30. The final grade for the course in Human Histology and Embryology will be given by the weighted average of the grades obtained in the two modules (Human Histology and Human Embryology) that make up the course in Human Histology and Embryology.
For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or SLDs, visit http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa.

Extended program

The course covers aspects of Embryology of clinical relevance that emphasize how embryology is an important part of medical practice. The program conducted will cover the following topics. Structural organization of the male gonad. Functions of the testis, spermatogenesis and related mechanisms of hormonal control. Structural organization of the female gonad. Functions of the ovary, ovogenesis. Phases of the ovarian cycle, uterine cycle and related mechanisms of hormonal control. Events related to Fertilization and early stages of embryonic development. Events related to the first and second weeks of development: segmentation, implantation,bilaminar disc. Notes on in vitro fertilization techniques and pre-implantation diagnosis, and biological basis of reproductive and therapeutic cloning. Phenomena regulating development of the embryonic trilaminar disc, primitive line formation and gastrulation, inductive interactions and neurulation; development of somites and embryonic coelom. Chorionic villus development, the stages of embryo folding and embryo body definition (weeks 3 and 4). Development of the placenta and its role.Twins. Formation of the first vascular network, embryonic and fetal hematopoiesis. Development of the heart and derivatives of the aortic arches.Notes on the development of the central nervous system. Development of the branchial system, respiratory system, digestive system, and body cavities. Development of the urogenital system. Notes on the development of the skeletal and muscular systems. Embryological bases of the main malformations of the aforementioned apparatuses.

Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile

Zero poverty, health and well-being, gender equality.

HUMAN ISTOLOGY

Code	A004710
CFU	5
Learning activities	Base
Area	B_03. morfologia umana
Sector	BIO/17
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

Cognomi A-L

CFU

5

Teacher

Tiziano Baroni

Teachers

• Tiziano Baroni

Hours

• 62.5 ore - Tiziano Baroni

Language of instruction

Italian

Contents

Methods in Histology. Epithelia. Exocrine and endocrine glands. Connective tissues. Extracellular matrix. Connective tissue cells. Interstitial fluid. Adipose tissue. Blood. Hematopoiesis. Lymphoid tissue. Types of cartilage. Bone tissue. Bone formation. Muscle tissue. General aspects of striated, smooth and cardiac muscle tissues.
Nerve tissue (neuron, nerve fiber).

Reference texts

Istologia umana -Autori vari-2025, ed. Idelson Gnocchi

Educational objectives

The course represents the first teaching with clinical interconnections. Main knowledge acquired will be: Knowledge and understanding of the structural basis of the tissues (microscopic and ultrastructural level) and of their morpho-functional correlations. Knowledge of the fundamental phases of histogenesis. Knowledge of the main laboratory histological techniques. Competence of the connections of the tissue distribution in the various structures of the human body as preparatory study of macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Autonomous use of the optical microscope. Competence of recognizing in a critical way the various tissues in histological specimen through the optical microscope (OM).

Prerequisites

In order to be able to understand and apply the majority of the contents described within the course, the student must have acquired basic knowledge of cellular biology.

Teaching methods

The course is organized with face to face lessons with slide projections concerning the main topics.

Other information

The attendance is compulsory (at last 75% of lessons). Building B polo universitario- Pzza L. Severi S. andrea delle Fratte Perugia.

Learning verification modality

The final exam consists of a written, practical, and oral test. The written test consists of a reasonable number of questions (usually between 20 and 30) with closed and/or open answers to be answered within a reasonable time. The evaluation will consist of 1 point for each correct answer and 0 points for each incorrect or unanswered question. A passing grade of 18 points will allow students to take the subsequent tests. The practical test focuses on the critical recognition of one or more histological preparations observed under an optical microscope or represented in microphotographs; in particular, students must also demonstrate that they have acquired autonomy in the use of the optical microscope. The test results in a pass/fail judgement, which is essential for admission to the oral test. The latter includes at least three questions on topics related to histology and embryology. The written and oral tests are designed to assess the acquisition of logical and cognitive skills and the ability to interpret data. In particular, students must demonstrate knowledge of the histological and functional characteristics of human tissues and be able to apply this knowledge in the critical recognition of the various tissues observed under an optical microscope and/or shown in microphotographs. The oral exam is designed to assess not only the level of knowledge and understanding of the topics covered in Human Histology and Human Embryology, but also the student's ability to communicate effectively. The final exam grade is based on the results obtained in the written and oral exams and is expressed as a score out of 30. The final grade for the course in Human Histology and Embryology will be given by the weighted average of the grades obtained in the two modules (Human Histology and Human Embryology) that make up the course in Human Histology and Embryology.

For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or DSA visit http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa

Extended program

Techniques of
study in histology.The stem cell. Cell differentiation.
The lining epithelia. The exocrine glandular epithelium (characteristics
general and classification). The endocrine glandular epithelium. The
connective proper (generalities, cells, fibers, substance
fundamental amorphous, loose connective, reticular, dense, mucous). The tissue
adipose tissue (generalities, white and brown adipose tissue). Extracellular matrix
(connective fibers and collagen biosynthesis, basement membrane). Blood
(composition and function, the figured elements. Cartilage tissue
(hyaline, elastic and fibrous cartilage). The bone tissue (macro and
microscopic, cellular, organic and inorganic components of bone,
mechanisms of ossification, repair of fractures). Muscle tissues: skeletal striatum, cardiac striatum, smooth muscle.


Nervous tissue. Inter-neuronal and neuromuscular synapses. Nerve fiber and nerve.





The Course is organized with
practical exercises lasting 1 hour each with groups of students
for viewing histological preparations at the M.O. or by viewing and
discussion of photographs of histological preparations for light and
electron microscopy of tissues studied in class.

Cognomi M-Z

CFU

5

Teacher

Francesca Mancuso

Teachers

• Francesca Mancuso

Hours

• 62.5 ore - Francesca Mancuso

Language of instruction

Italian

Contents

Methods in Histology. Epithelia. Exocrine and endocrine glands. Connective tissues. Extracellular matrix. Connective tissue cells. Interstitial fluid. Adipose tissue. Blood. Hematopoiesis. Lymphoid tissue. Types of cartilage. Bone tissue. Bone formation.Muscle tissue. General aspects of striated, smooth and cardiac muscle tissues.¿Nerve tissue (neuron, nerve fiber).

Reference texts

Istologia umana -Autori vari-2017, ed. Idelson Gnocchi

Educational objectives

The course represents the first teaching with clinical interconnections. Main knowledge acquired will be: Knowledge and understanding of the structural basis of the tissues (microscopic and ultrastructural level) and of their morpho-functional correlations. Knowledge of the fundamental phases of histogenesis. Knowledge of the main laboratory histological techniques. Competence of the connections of the tissue distribution in the various structures of the human body as preparatory study of macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Autonomous use of the optical microscope. Competence of recognizing in a critical way the various tissues in histological specimen through the optical microscope (OM).

Prerequisites

In order to be able to understand and apply the majority of the contents described within the course, the student must have acquired basic knowledge of cellular biology.

Teaching methods

The course is organized with face to face lessons with slide projections concerning the main topics.

Other information

The attendance is compulsory (at last 70% of lessons). Building B polo universitario- Pzza L. Severi S. andrea delle Fratte Perugia. For information, elucidation and to set up a schedule for meeting, please contact via e-mail: francesca.mancuso@unipg.it.

Learning verification modality

The final exam consists of a written, practical, and oral test. The written test consists of a reasonable number of questions (usually between 20 and 30) with closed and/or open answers to be answered within a reasonable time. The evaluation will consist of 1 point for each correct answer and 0 points for each incorrect or unanswered question. A passing grade of 18 points will allow students to take the subsequent tests. The practical test focuses on the critical recognition of one or more histological preparations observed under an optical microscope or represented in microphotographs; in particular, students must also demonstrate that they have acquired autonomy in the use of the optical microscope. The test results in a pass/fail judgement, which is essential for admission to the oral test. The latter includes at least three questions on topics related to histology and embryology. The written and oral tests are designed to assess the acquisition of logical and cognitive skills and the ability to interpret data. In particular, students must demonstrate knowledge of the histological and functional characteristics of human tissues and be able to apply this knowledge in the critical recognition of the various tissues observed under an optical microscope and/or shown in microphotographs.
The oral exam aims to assess not only the student's level of knowledge and understanding of human histology and human embryology, but also their ability to communicate effectively. The final exam mark is based on the results obtained in the written and oral exams and is expressed as a score out of 30. The final grade for the course in Human Histology and Embryology will be given by the weighted average of the grades obtained in the two modules (Human Histology and Human Embryology) that make up the course in Human Histology and Embryology.
For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or SLDs, visit http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa.

Extended program

Methods in Histology. Epithelia. Exocrine and endocrine glands. Connective tissue. Extracellular matrix (fibers, collagen biosynthesis, basal lamina). The cells of the connective tissue. Adipose tissue (generalities, white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue). Blood (blood cells, plasma). Types of cartilage. Bone tissue (bone cells, organic and inorganic bone matrix). Intramembranous bone formation. Endochondral bone formation. Bone healing. Muscle tissues generalities on skeletal striated, smooth and cardiac muscle tissue. Mechanisms of muscle contraction, myocardial conduction tissue, regeneration of muscle tissue). Nerve tissue (the neuron, axon flow, nerve fiber, synapse, neuroglia, response of neurons to injury, nerve impulse conduction). Course is also organized with 3 practical trainings of 1 hour each, for students divided into groups to critically visualize and recognize the tissues by means of light microscope.

Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile

Zero poverty, health and well-being, gender equality.