Unit PLANT BIOTECHNOGY
- Course
- Biotechnology
- Study-unit Code
- GP004100
- Curriculum
- In all curricula
- Teacher
- Emidio Albertini
- Teachers
-
- Emidio Albertini
- Lorenzo Raggi (Codocenza)
- Hours
- 21 ore - Emidio Albertini
- 21 ore (Codocenza) - Lorenzo Raggi
- CFU
- 6
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2019
- Offered
- 2021/22
- Learning activities
- Affine/integrativa
- Area
- Attività formative affini o integrative
- Academic discipline
- AGR/07
- Type of study-unit
- Opzionale (Optional)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa monodisciplinare
- Language of instruction
- Italian
- Contents
- Basic knowledge for the understanding on the main biotechnology applied to plants and animals of economic interest and for the agrobiodiversity conservation. Traditional and Molecular Plant breeding.Plant cell and tissue culture techniques. Somaclonal variation. Micropropagation ; organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Germplasm conservation. Plant genetic modification: transgenes and transformation. Genetic silencing. Molecular bases of plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress.
- Reference texts
- Lorenzetti et al. Miglioramento genetico delle piante agrarie. Mew Business Media/Edagricole
- Educational objectives
- This course is fundamental and will give the students who attend the curriculum in biotechnology, the needed basis on molecular genetics.In general, the main objective of the course is to provide students the basis to address the study of molecular genetics and the courses of the Master Degree in Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology.The main knowledge gained will be:- Insights replication transcription and translation- Gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes- Elements of techniques for molecular markers development (Southern Blot, PCR and sequencing)- General aspects of mutagenesis and insertional mutagenesis- Construction of linkage maps and Marker assisted selection- Transgenesis and GM plants- Sexual reproduction and gametogenesis in higher mammals; characters linked, influenced and limited to sex in farm animals.The main skills gained will be:- Evaluate the strategy to be adopted in case you find yourself having to solve a legal problem related to varietal characterization and/or varietal theft.- Assess the optimal methodology for planning a Marker assisted selection program in a seed industry.- Be able to characterize the function of a gene by studying its expression/inactivation.
- Prerequisites
- Genetics
- Teaching methods
- Theoretical lessons face-to-face.
Practical training in laboratory. - Other information
- Teaching materials provided by the teacher. Laboratories. Lab experiments. Classrom excercises on: meiosis, three points test, linkage mapping.
- Learning verification modality
- Oral examiniation. Report on the lab activities.
- Extended program
- Introduction to plant biotechnology. Plant cell and tissue culture techniques. Media preparation. Recap of meiosis and mitosis; sporogenesis and gametogenesis in plants; allogamy, selfing, vegetative propagation and their significance in biotechnology. Population structure of self- and cross- pollinated species. Breeding for improving yield and quality of crop plants. Construction of genetic maps. Assignment of linkage group to a particular chromosome.DNA sequencing: classical methods and new generation systems. Strategies for sequencing a genome. Bioinformatic analysis and genome annotation. Identification of the variations in the DNA sequence: from morphological to molecular markers. Transcriptome analysis. Use of mutants to study function of a gene. Plant transformation technology: Agrobacterium-mediated and direct transformation. Genetic silencing and control of transgene expression. Study of gene function. Plant genomics: Arabidopsis as a model plant.
Chloroplast transformation. Transgenic plants in plant breeding. Improving the quality of economically important food and industrial plants. Genetically modified plants and food safety. Plants as bioreactors for the production of molecules of industrial interest. Molecular traceability of the food chain. Genetically modified plants and society.
Plants for molecular farming. Plants as a source for vaccines, pharmaceutical protein and emerging production systems for antibody.