Unit PHYSIOPATHOLOGIALBASESOFDISEASES

PHYSIOLOGY II

Code	GP005093
CFU	2
Teacher	Fabio Massimo Botti
Teachers	Fabio Massimo Botti
Hours	30 ore - Fabio Massimo Botti
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Academic discipline	BIO/09
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive and endocrine systems
Reference texts	Principi di Fisiologia - L. Zocchi – Ed. EdiSES Edi-Ermes Fisiologia dell'uomo. AAVV ISBN-13: 978-8870512519 R. Poltronieri Elementi di Fisiologia EdiSES
Educational objectives	knowledge and understanding of the functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive and endocrine systems
Prerequisites	the student should possess the fundamental knowledge in: Physics Chemistry Biochemistry Human anatomy
Teaching methods	frontal lessons
Other information	-
Learning verification modality	progress evaluation with multiple choice questions and a final oral test
Extended program	Physiology of the cardiovascular system Heart: Cardiac automatism: pace-maker cells of the nodal tissue, rhythmism and conduction of cardiac action potential. Mechanisms of atrio-ventricular delay. Cardiac mechanics: Action potential of cardiomyocyte due to electro-mechanical coupling in cardiac fiber. Factors that determine the contractile strength of the heart. Isometric and isotonic contraction and the length-tension relationship in the cardiac fiber. The meaning of Laplace's law applied to the heart. Cardiac cycle: cardiac, arterial and venous pressure changes. Heart valves and heart sounds. Cardiac output. Regulation of cardiac activity:. Intrinsic Mechanisms and Frank-Starling Law. Effects of the autonomic nervous system. Electrocardiogram. Principles of hemodynamics: Physical factors that regulate blood flow in the circulatory system. Relationship between pressure, flow and resistance, the Hagen-Poiseuille law. Laminar and turbulent flow. Blood viscosity and hematocrit. Compliance. Factors determining blood pressure and the creation of pressure gradient in the circulatory system. Functions of the arteries: elastic and resistance vessels Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. Blood pressure measurement. Physiology of the microcirculation. Mechanisms underlying blood - interstitium exchanges. Role of the lymphatic system Factors determining interstitial edema.Physiology of the venous system: mechanisms of venous return . Regional Control of blood flow: Metabolic, humoral and nervous mechanisms. Circulation control in special districts: coronary, cutaneous, muscular and cerebral circulation. Short medium and long term Regulation of arterial pressure Baroceptive and chemoceptive reflexes. The renin-angiotensin system. Renal factors. Physiology of the respiratory system Respiratory mechanics. Lung volumes and capacities. Lung and alveolar ventilation. Spirometric examination Respiratory muscles. Elastic properties of the lung, intrapleural pressure, pressure-volume curve, role of the surfactant. Elastic properties of the rib cage. Dynamic resistance to gas flow . Gas exchange - Partial gas pressure in the ambient, inhaled and alveolar air. Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood. Ventilation / perfusion relationship. Nervous control of breathing. Physiology of the urinary system The nephron. Glomerular filtration and its regulation. Tubular functions - Resorption and secretion. Resorption of water and solutes. Action of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone. Excretion. Urination. Renal clearance: meaning, utility. Short-medium and long-term mechanisms of pH control physiology of the digestive system Smooth muscle: functional organization, and excitation-contraction coupling. Regulation of electrical activity and contraction of smooth muscle fibers. Functions and processes. regulation of intestinal motility. Secretion. Phases of digestion: cephalic, gastric, and intestinal. Digestion and absorption. Physiology of endocrine systems: function and organization, types of hormones, general control mechanisms. Hypothalamic-pituitary axis: structure and controlled hormones. GH: functions and control of secretion. Thyroid hormones: functions, control of secretion, related pathologies. Integrated blood glucose control: hormones involved, mechanisms of action of insulin and glucagon. Control of serum calcium: parathormone, calciferol and calcitonin, action and integration mechanisms. Integrated stress response: phases of stress according to Selye, nervous and chemical factors. Effects on theme tabolism and on the nervous system

MICROBIOLOGY

Code	GP005094
CFU	2
Teacher	Claudia Monari
Teachers	Claudia Monari
Hours	30 ore - Claudia Monari
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Academic discipline	MED/07
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Reference texts	Microbiologia Clinica (Lanciotti) Microbiologia Medica (La Placa)
Educational objectives	Provide the students of the Degree Course in Nursing with the knowledge of Microbiology capable of guaranteeing the skills required to achieve the essential levels of professional performance.
Teaching methods	Lectures
Learning verification modality	Oral examination
Extended program	Bacterial cell structures (Gram+ e Gram- cell wall, nucleic aid, cytoplasm, cytoplasmatic membrane). Facultative bacterial cell structures (capsule, pili, flagella, spore). Bacterial virulence factors (toxins, capsule, adhesins, exoenzymes). Metabolism, Nutrition. Colture mediums. Bacterial genetics. General features of Fungi, Viruses, Protozoa. Bacterial microbiota. Routes of transmission of infections. Antibiotic susceptibility tests. Sterilization /Disinfection. Bacteriology: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobatteri, Neisseria, Legionella, Mycobacterium. Virology: orthomyxovirus, hepatitis A, B, C, HIV, HPV, Herpesvirus, Coronavirus Micology: cutaneous mycoses, opportunistic mycoses (Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus). Parasitology: Plasmodium, Giardia, Toxoplasma.

GENERALPATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOPATHOLOGY

Code	GP005092
CFU	3
Teacher	Teresa Zelante
Teachers	Teresa Zelante Emanuela Rosati (Codocenza)
Hours	35 ore - Teresa Zelante 10 ore (Codocenza) - Emanuela Rosati
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Academic discipline	MED/04
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)