Unit CROPS PROTECTION I AND II

Course
Food science and technology
Study-unit Code
A001458
Curriculum
Tecnologie birrarie
Teacher
Roberto Romani
CFU
12
Course Regulation
Coorte 2019
Offered
2020/21
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa integrata

ENTOMOLOGY

Code A001462
CFU 6
Teacher Roberto Romani
Teachers
  • Roberto Romani
Hours
  • 54 ore - Roberto Romani
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Discipline della sicurezza e della valutazione degli alimenti
Academic discipline AGR/11
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents Entomology (6 CFU)
Relationships between insect and man. Morphology and physiology. Reproduction and development. Systematics. Ecology, ethology and population dynamics. Economic thresholds. Integrated pest management. Identification, biology, ecology, damage and control of the key species harmful to food crops. Laboratory practicals.
Reference texts Gullan P.J., Cranston P.S. 2006. Lineamenti di Entomologia. Zanichelli
Colazza, Peri, Lo Bue (2018) Lineamenti di Entomologia in Agricoltura Biologica Palermo University Press
Pennacchio F, 2014. Gli Insetti e il loro controllo. Liguori editore
Educational objectives Knowledge
1. Basic knowledge of general and applied entomology
2. General morphological and bio-ethological features of insects
3. General morphological and bio-ethological features of mites
4. Morphology, bio-ethology and peculiar traits of arthropods harmful to food plants
5. Features of agroecosystems (herbaceous and trees) characterised by food plants
6. Damages caused by arthropods to food plants
7. Monitoring and collecting techniques of phytophagous arthropods
8. Control methods of phytophagous arthropods
9. Morphological and bio-ethological features of the natural enemies of phytophagous arthropods
10. Outlines of the active ingredients and commercial insecticides used against phytophagous arthropods

Skills
1. Distinguish the main order of insects
2. Recognize the most important arthropods harmful to food plants
3. Damage evaluation
4. Evaluation of the insects associated with food plants
5. Make a choice between different control methods to be applied to the food plants
6. Design and application of IPM methods, and their implementation to food plants
7. Observation and insect dissection under a stereomicroscope
Prerequisites In order to understand the contents of the units, it is necessary that students positively passed the class of "Fundamentals of Biology" and that the following knowledges are well consolidated:
- general zoology, animal cell general structure, herbaceous and tree cultivated species taxonomy.
Teaching methods Teaching tools and devices
Video-projected slides (powerpoint), PDF distributed to the students, Video, Suggested textbooks.
Learning methods
Reading and self-study on reference books, Reading and self-study on material given by the teacher, Presentation of talks of small workgroups on specific topics
Other information Classes will be given at the DSA3
Learning verification modality The final exam will be a 30 min. oral examinationon IPM strategy apllied to one of the agroecosystems studied. Questions on insect morphology and systematics, anatomy, physiology and ecology of the main insect groups.
During the oral examination, the use of the language as well as the ability to cross-link topics within different modules will be taken into account.
Extended program CLASSES
Introduction to Entomology. Insect body. Insect and man, the diffusion and economic importance of insects in agriculture in pre- and post-harvesting.
Insect morphology and systematic.
External morphology, head and mouthparts, thorax, abdomen.
Anatomy and physiology, the integumentary system, muscular system, nervous system, sensory system, the food canal, the excretory system, circolatory system, respiratory system, secretory and reproductive systems. Reproduction, post-embryonic development.
Bio-ecology and control, the role of insects in agroecosystems. Ecology of phytophagous and entomophagous insects: parasitoids and predators, tri-trophic interactions and semiochemicals. Plant damages. Population dynamics. Economic damage, monitoring and economic injury level.
Control stategies of phytophagous insects. The evolution of control strategies, integrated pest management. Quarantine. Agronomic and genetic control methods. Biological control methods. Biotecnical, physical and mechanical control methods. Chemical control methods.
Arthropods harmful to cultivated plants. Recognition, damages and IPM strategies of the main species harmful to crops. Herbaceous agroecosystems: industrial crops, vegetables, cereals, legumes. Tree agroecosystems: olive, grape, pomaceae, stone fruits.
PRACTICALS
Identification of the main insect orders (phytophagous and entomophagous)
External morphology and anatomy; post-embryonic development; morphological features and recognition keys of the insect orders of agricultural interest; mouthparts and insect trophic iteractions with plants; laboratory experience (insect dissection).
How to rear both harmful and beneficial insects in laboratory.
Control methods: biological and chemical insecticides, natural enemies, traps, sex pheromones, integration of the different control methods. Case study on a tree crop (olive).

PLANT PATHOLOGY

Code A001461
CFU 6
Teacher Roberto Romani
Teachers
  • Giovanni Beccari (Codocenza)
Hours
  • 54 ore (Codocenza) - Giovanni Beccari
Learning activities Caratterizzante
Area Discipline della sicurezza e della valutazione degli alimenti
Academic discipline AGR/12
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents a) General concepts of plant pathology such as symptomatology, parasitism, infection process, resistance, diagnosis, disease control, mycotoxin contamination;
b) Overview about the main diseases of crops used in beer industry;
c) Laboratory excercises with the execution of the main phytopathological analyses and visits at experimental fields.
Reference texts a) Material provided by teacher on unistudium platform;
b) Matta A., Buonaurio R., Scala A., 2017. Fondamenti di Patologia vegetale. Patron Editore, Bologna, 490 pp.
c) Belli G., 2007. Elementi di Patologia vegetale. Piccin Nuova Libraria, Padova, 407 pp.
d) Agrios G.N., 2005. Plant Pathology (Fifth Edition). Elsevier Academic Press, 922 pp.
Educational objectives Objective of this course is to provide the basis to acquire the follow EXPERTISE:
a) Interactions and mechanisms between pathogen and host;
b) Main diagnostic techniques to identify plant pathogens;
c) Main techniques of disease management;
d) Main issues relative to contaminations by mycotoxins and negative repercussion on quality of raw material;
e) Main diseases of crops used as raw material in beer industry.
Furthermore, on the base of the previous expertise, objective of this course is also to provide the follow SKILLS:
a) Development of diagnostic protocol to identify the main plant pathogens of crops used by beer industry;
b) Development of integrated management strategies of the main diseases of the crops used by beer industry;
c) Development of the main strategies to reduce the impact of mycotoxins.
Prerequisites To better understand the arguments explained during the course is strongly recommended to take the exam of “principles of biology”. Moreover, the knowledge of English language is very useful to further investigate the various topics of this course by reading of scientific articles.
Teaching methods This course is 54 hours long, distinct in:
a) 42 hours of theoretical lessons;
b) 12 hours of technical-practical exercises.
The theoretical lessons will concern all the arguments exposed in the program. The exercises will introduce the students to the main laboratory analyses useful to verify the phytosanitary condition of different vegetables samples and of different raw material (such as cereal grains) used in beer industry. Furthermore, will be carried out experimental field visits to evaluate the phytosanitary conditions of crops used in beer industry.
Other information For the location and time of lessons please look at the website: http://www.agr.unipg.it/newpro/calendario_lezioni.htm. The lesson frequency is strongly recommended. For each necessity please contact the teacher by e-mail (giovanni.beccari@unipg.it) or phone (+39 075 585 64 73).
Learning verification modality The student examination will be realized by final oral exam, consisting in an open interview (about 30 minutes long). The interview will verify the knowledge level of the course topics. Questions will be relative to GENERAL PART and SPECIAL PART of the program (please see the program).
Extended program The program consists of a GENERAL PART and of a SPECIAL PART described below:
a) GENERAL PART:
1) Introduction, concept of disease, symptomatology;
2) Concept of parasitism;
3) Inoculum of plant pathogen;
4) Infection process of plant pathogen;
5) Host resistance;
6) Epidemiology;
7) Diagnosis;
8) Disease management;
9) Micotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins with illustration of negative repercussion on the food quality and on the health of final consumer.

b) SPECIAL PART:
1) Main diseases of wheat and barley;
2) Main diseases of maize;
3) Main diseases of hop.
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