Unit AGRONOMY AND ECONOMY

AGRICULTURE AND CROPS

Code	GP005383
CFU	2
Teacher	Aldo Ranfa
Teachers	Maria Chiara Lorenzetti (Codocenza)
Hours	20 ore (Codocenza) - Maria Chiara Lorenzetti
Learning activities	Affine/integrativa
Area	Attività formative affini o integrative
Academic discipline	AGR/02
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Crops for livestock feeding and forage crops classification. Management and production of pasture, meadows-pastures, meadows and annual hay meadows. Main species for meadows and annual hay meadows. Storage techniques of fodder: hay making and silage. Cereals: growing barley and maize crops and forage. Manure management and use in agriculture.
Reference texts	Lecture notes are available from lecturer. Recommended textbooks: Bonciarelli F., Bonciarelli U. 2001, Coltivazioni erbacee, Edagricole, Bologna During the theoretical work slides are used, some slides are available on the University site
Educational objectives	The student must have knowledge about quantitative and qualitative production of crops for livestock feeding. Annual pattern of production of fodder crops. Basic concepts on forage storage. Manure management and use in agiculture. The student must be able to identify ears and kernels of cereals and seeds of legumes for livestock feeding.
Teaching methods	Lectures on all the topics of the course with the use of computer for getting gradually to the final concept. At the end of each lesson will be made short summaries with its application examples. The pratical lessons will be carried out in the classroom, the material for practical work will be brought into the classroom by the teacher for the observation of ears and kernels of grain and legume seeds. Student will be divided into four groups.
Extended program	Introduction to the course. Field crops for livestock feeding. Natural ecosystems and agroecosystems. (1.5 hours) Farm with livestock. Definition of forage and forage crops. (1.5 hours) Classification of forage crops. Pastures. (1.5 hours) Pastures: agronomic evaluation, floristic composition, vegetative season. Grazing techniques. (1.5 hours) Meadow-pastures: management and floristic composition. Forage chains. (1.5 hours) Meadows: classification and usable species. Main grass grass species. (1.5 hours) Meadows: main legume species. Meadows oligophytes and polyphytes. (1 hours) Autumn-winter cereals: biological cycle and cultivation of barley for grains and forage production. Use of cereals, legumes and crucifixes for forage production. (1.5 hours) Spring-summer cereals: biological cycle of maize and cultivation for grains and forage production. (1.5 hours) Micotoxins in corn. Other species for annual hay meadows. (1 hour) Fodder conservation: hay making and silage. (1.5 hours) Management of livestock effluents and their utilization in the fertilization of crops. (1.5 hours) PRATICAL LESSONS: Morphology of cereals. Identification of ears. (1 hour) Cereals: identification of kernels. (1 hour) Grain legumes: seed identification. (1 hour)

ENVIRONMENTAL AND APPLIED BOTANY TO VETERINARY

Code	GP005381
CFU	2
Teacher	Aldo Ranfa
Teachers	Aldo Ranfa
Hours	20 ore - Aldo Ranfa
Learning activities	Base
Area	Discipline biologiche e genetiche vegetali ed animali
Academic discipline	BIO/03
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	English
Contents	Systematic classification of the plant kingdom with emphasis on morphological forage species of interest. Recognition of the main toxic species
Reference texts	1. EXEMPTION PROVIDED BY TEACHER 2. STRASBURGER E., et al., 2007 - Trattato di Botanica per le Università, vol. 2. Antonio Delfino Editore 3. JUDD W.S., et al., - 2007 - Botanica sistematica, un approccio filogenetico. Piccin Editore 4. During the theoretical activity, transparencies, slides and CDs are used. Other teaching materials can be found on the University website
Educational objectives	Know Knowing the basics of systematic botany and taxonomy, the cell, the concept of species, subspecies, variety, cultivar, clone, hybrid, the rules for proper scientific nomenclature, the morphological and systematic of the Spermatophyta, morphology, reproduction and evolution, and Gymnospermophytina Angiospermophytina, the systematic features of the main families of species of veterinary interest, the morphological and systematic vetgerinario the main species of interest, the enforcement of the main species of veterinary interest Know-how Being able to describe a species, to identify the membership of a species to a family, recognizing the important parts of a species from the veterinary point of view.
Teaching methods	Theoretical activity: in the classroom on all topics reported in the program. Lectures on all the topics of the course with the use of computer for getting gradually to the final concept. At the end of each lesson will be making brief summaries with relevant example Practical activities: Practical work will be carried out at the Botanical Garden, Medieval Garden and other experimental fields of the University of Perugia where, in direct contact with the plant species of veterinary interest, will be referred to their use and systematic features. Students will be divided into four groups. At the end of the guided practical activities, students will have free access to these sites for further individual study.
Extended program	THEORETICAL LESSONS Introduction to the course. Peculiarities. Bibliographical references. Theoretical and practical lesson time. Criteria for Exceeding Examination. Binomial nomenclature (1 hour) Plant classification systems. Systematic classification of living things. Concept of Systematic Botany or Plant Taxonomy. Systematic framing of the vegetable kingdom. Concept of species, cultivar and hybrid (1,5 hours) The plant cell: definition and functions. Organelles and functions. Middle lamella. Plasmodesmal. Vacuole and components. Cellulose. Secondary metabolites. Cell wall, primary and secondary wall. Fouling (Lignification, pigmentation, Mineralization), Affixing (Cutinization and suberisation). Lignin. (1,5 hours) Interactions in biocenosis between plants and animals: neutrality, competition, parasitism, predation, commensalism, sympathetic mutualism. Pollination and dispersion Morphology of the stem. Metamorphosis of the stem: tuberous roots, rhizome, stolone, bulb, tuber, aculei, cladodes, photosynthetic stems. Morphology of the root. Root metamorphosis: aerial roots, australis, mycorrhizae, radical nodules, adventitious roots. Differences between stem and root (1 hour) Morphology of leaves. Leaf metamorphoses: owls, squamous leaves, antofillas, sporofils, cotyledons, succulent leaves, thorns, tendrils. Flower morphology. Flower Types and Classification (1 hour) Simple and composite inflorescence. Sporephiles: androcean and gynecologist. Ovum. Pollination. Fertilization. Fruits. Classification of fruits. Dispersion. Seed. Seed evolution strategies (1 hour) Differences between Dicotiledonopsida and Monocotiledonopsida Classes. General and systematic features of the Leguminosae Family. General and systematic characteristics of species of foraggery of the Leguminosae family: Arachis hypogaea, Hedysarum coronarium, Glycine max, Lotus corniculatus, Lupinus albus, Medicago falcata, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Onobrychis viciifolia, Pisum arvense, Trifolium alexandrinum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium Trifolium repens ladino, Trifolium repens sylvestre, Trifolium squarrosum, Vicia faba equina, Vicia faba minor, Vicia faba minor, Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa (1,5 hours) General and Systematic Characteristics of the Graminaceae Family (1 hour) General and Systematic Characteristics of the Forage Species of the Graminaceae Family: Avena sativa, Bromus inermis, Cynodon dactylon, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca sheep, Festuca pratense, Festuca rubra, Hordeum vulgare distichum, Hordeum vulgare exastichum aequale, Hordeum vulgare exastichum inaequale , Triticum dicoccum, Triticum durum, Triticum monococcum, Triticum polonicum, Triticum, Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, Triticum durum, Triticum monococcum, Triticum polonicum, Triticum vulgare vulgaris, Sorghum vulgare vulgaris, Spelled, Zea mays (1.5 hours) Cruciferous Family: General and Systematic Features. General characteristics of the most important species from the veterinarian point of view of the Cruciferae family: Brassica napus oleifera, Brassica rapa campestris, Some spontaneous species (1.5 hours) Umbelliferae family: general and systematic features. General characteristics of the most important foraggery species: some spontaneous species and toxicity phenomena (1.5 hours) Composite Family: General and Systematic Features. General characteristics of the most important veterinarians of the treated family: Helianthus annuus and some spontaneous species (1.5 hours) Family Linaceae and Chenopodiaceae: general and systematic features. General characteristics of the most important species from the veterinary point of view of the treated families: Linum usitatissimum, Beta vulgaris and some spontaneous species (1 hour) Plant toxicity phenomena in the veterinary field (1 hour) PRACTICAL LESSONS 1) Medieval Garden Visit with systematic framing of the vegetable kingdom (1 hour) 2) Visit Botanical Garden and Experimental Fields with Recognition of Lesson Planned Species (1 hour) 3) Visit the catalog field with recognition of the lessons treated species (1 hour)

ECONOM RURAL ECONOMY AND ESTIMATE

Code	GP005382
CFU	2
Teacher	Massimo Chiorri
Teachers	Massimo Chiorri
Hours	20 ore - Massimo Chiorri
Learning activities	Affine/integrativa
Area	Attività formative affini o integrative
Academic discipline	AGR/01
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian Language
Contents	Demand, supply and price formation in major market forms. The company, the factors of production. Budget types, determination of the various components of budgets.Production costs of the main livestock production. The main methods of estimating zootechnical enterprises.
Reference texts	Lessons provided by Professor, Slide of the recommended text integration lessons: MESSORI F. Istituzioni di Economia, Editrice CLUEB, Bologna, 1994
Educational objectives	Basic knowledge of the functioning of the zootechnical markets and their products, the formation of the relevant prices; It also aims to provide the student with basic knowledge of the main tools for managing the agro-industry company; With practical exercises, it intends to develop the ability to comment on the level of profitability of the main livestock production.
Teaching methods	Frontal lessons for Elements of General Economics (10 Hours) and Agro-Tech Plant Theory (7 Hours) for a total of 17 hoursClassroom exercises, 3 hours per four rounds, about determining the economic outcomes and production costs of the main breeding species
Extended program	Economic Science Definitions and basic concepts. Goods and economic goods: basic definitions and classification; Utility definition and its classification. 2 hours. Demand analysis of demand: single and collective consumption; 2 hours; conditions of choice and constraint of the individual individual; Income and savings; 2 hours. elasticity of demand for price and income. 2 hours. Production and supply The theory of production;the company and the company; 2 hours. The direct and indirect factors of production; 2 hours. Production costs: classification and definition; 2 hours. the optimal production level; 1 hour. The market Generality: definition and basic concepts; The main forms of market. 2 hours. The farm and the agro-zootechnical enterprise¿the company's control and planning tools: the economic balance of the agro-zootechnical company; 2 hours; The determination of the economic results and the production costs of the main livestock production; 1 hour.