Unit SPECIAL PATHOLOGY AND VETERINARY MEDICAL CLINIC II

CLINIC AND THERAPY OF LARGE ANIMALS

Code	GP005433
CFU	4
Teacher	Fabrizio Rueca
Teachers	Fabrizio Rueca
Hours	52 ore - Fabrizio Rueca
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	During the theoretical lessons the main diseases of large animals are addressed in terms of clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy.During the practical exercises in groups (5 - 10 students) clinical cases of the OVUD are proposed or discussions on clinical records of the OVUD in key of clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy, on single animals or for pathologies of farma animals.During the clinical rotation, students, in groups of 4 or 5 members, attend the OVUD or at farms observing spontaneous pathologies of individuals or groups of animals.
Reference texts	Equine endoscopy – Traub-Dargatz; Brown; Mosby Ed Large animal internal medicine – Smith; Mosby Ed Equine internal medicine – Reed; Bayly; Saunders Ed
Educational objectives	D1 - KNOWLEDGE and UNDERSTANDING ABILITY The Student must know: - direct and indirect (instrumental and laboratory) methods for performing the diagnostic investigation on an animal or a group of sick animals. - the characteristics of the diagnostic investigation, aimed at the differential diagnosis of diseases. - the symptomatology of the main diseases of large animals. - the principles of medical treatment of large animal diseases. D2 - ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING At the end of the training activity the Student must be able to: - apply the principle of good veterinary practices in clinical practice. - issue a clinical diagnosis and make a differential diagnosis. - build a diagnostic path that can lead to a definitive diagnosis. - develop an adequate medical therapy against the diagnosed disease. - verify, if possible, the establishment of a prevention protocol. - consider a conscious use of antimicrobial drugs. D3 - AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT At the end of the training activity the Student must be able to make clinical-professional decisions without being influenced by external factors, independently. These decisions must be aimed at maintaining the health and welfare of the animals; to the protection of public health and must take into account the legislation concerning the prescription of veterinary drugs and the rules contained in the Code of Ethics. D4 - COMMUNICATION SKILLS At the end of the training activity the Student must: - know how to communicate good and bad news to the owners / owners of the animals. - know how to communicate with colleagues, customers, public or private bodies, authorities. D5 - LEARNING SKILLS At the end of the training activity the Student must: - have the ability to expand his knowledge through the critical reading of scientific publications. - establish a permanent training course to follow in order to continue to increase its cultural baggage throughout its professional life.
Teaching methods	Theoretical lessons Practical exercises in groups (5-10 students) in OVUD Clinical rotation in small groups (4-5 students) in OVUD or at farms.
Learning verification modality	The test is practical and oral. The practical test is based on the formulation of the clinical diagnosis (of suspicion) on a clinical case that will be presented to the Candidate. The correct execution of the clinical examination is required on an Equino or a small or large ruminant that is in relation to the availability in OVUD. The Candidate, therefore, at the end of the clinical examination must make a diagnosis of suspicion, a differential diagnosis and propose a diagnostic protocol for further investigation. The practical test is evaluated from 0 to 15 points and lasts about 30 minutes. As regards the verification of knowledge (oral), it is an open stimulus interview with an open answer. The duration of the test is about 30-40 minutes and will be evaluated: the ability to manage the diagnostic in-depth protocol through the interpretation of laboratory and instrumental test results (from 2 to 5 points); the ability to establish an adequate therapeutic protocol (from 2 to 5 points); completeness (from 2 to 5 points); the property of language (from 2 to 5 points); the depth of analysis and the connection capacity (from 2 to 5 points) The knowledge (75%) determined through the practical and oral test and the communication skills (25%) through the oral exam contribute to the determination of the vote. For information on support services for students with disabilities and / or DSA visit the page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	1. Presentation of the course (educational path, educational objectives, exam methods, textbooks, logistic organization, clinical rotation, attendance signatures, teaching assessment). 2. Dynamic pathologies of the horse's upper respiratory tract 3. Complex of bovine respiratory diseases (BRD - "bovine respiratory disease") 4. Pleural and thoracic cavity disorders 5. Treatment of respiratory diseases of large animals 6. Horse colic syndrome 7. Horse stomach ulcer syndrome 8. Neonatal diarrhea and ruminal acidosis of dairy calf ("rumen drinking") 9. Diseases of the rumen in ruminant cattle (hypotonia / atonia, meteorism, ruminite) and abomasal dislocation (right and left, abomasal volvulus in the calf) 10. Diseases of the digestive tract of pigs 11. Treatment of diseases of the digestive system of large animals 12. Acute and chronic renal failure, bladder disease and urolithiasis in large animals 13. Treatment of diseases of the urinary tract of large animals 14. Eosinophilic horse dermatopathy and therapy 15. Interdigital dermatitis of the ovine, signs of diseases of the bovine finger and therapy 16. Sheep and goat udder disorders and therapy 17. Muscle apparatus therapy of large animals 18. Syndrome of reduced performance of the sports horse and therapy 19. Disendocrinias in the equine species and therapy

CLINIC AND THERAPY OF SMALL ANIMALS

Code	GP005432
CFU	4
Teacher	Francesco Porciello
Teachers	Francesco Porciello
Hours	52 ore - Francesco Porciello
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	The course is structured in such a way that the different diseases of small animals are presented starting from the clinical signs and then discussing the differential diagnosis and the most appropriate therapy. The use of diagnostic algorithms applied to different pathologies and therapeutic strategies provides analytical bases for the clinical pathway. From these bases arise the prognostic judgment and the indications for monitoring the progression of different diseases over time.
Reference texts	NELSON-COUTO Medicina interna del cane e del gatto 5° ed., 1537 pagg., 1000 ill., Edra-EV, Giugno 2015 ETIENNE COTE CLINICAL VETERINARY ADVISOR Dogs and Cats – third edition, ELSEVIER, 2015 CIARAMELLA SEMEIOLOGIA CLINICA VETERINARIA Poletto Editore, 2014
Educational objectives	The student is expected to acquire the theoretical knowledge (TO KNOW) and practical skills (To KNOW HOW TO DO) necessary to issue a clinical diagnosis based on the visit of the sick animal and on an appropriate collateral diagnostic plan. The student will also have to acquire sufficient theoretical and practical notions for the interpretation of the results of the main instrumental examinations, also in terms of differential diagnosis. The student will have to learn the consolidated therapeutic protocols based on the consensus shared by the scientific community and based on the principle of "evidence medicine". At the end of the course, at least the minimum training objective represented by knowing how to diagnose the main diseases of small animals, distinguishing between those involving different systems, and knowing how to apply the main therapeutic protocols must be achieved. Regarding the descriptors of the educational objectives, the course can be outlined as follows: D1 - CONOSCENCE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY The student must - have knowledge of clinical methods of collecting and interpreting the clinical signs of diseases of small animals by learning to distinguish between similar signs caused by different diseases. On this basis the student must learn to set rational therapeutic protocols. - know how instrumental exam results are interpreted and what they mean in differential diagnostics - learn about the main therapeutic and clinical monitoring strategies applicable in the treatment of small animal diseases D2 - ABILITY OF APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDIG At the end of the training activity, the student must: - know how to set up a differential diagnosis based on the direct physical examination, - to be able to use the results of instrumental examinations to confirm the diagnostic suspicion and quantify the severity of the disease, - know how to set up an appropriate therapeutic protocol - know how to issue a prognosis and schedule the monitoring of the clinical condition of the animal. D3 - JUDIMENT AUTONOMY At the end of the training activity, the student must be able to: - issue a diagnosis based on clinical symptoms and instrumental findings - prescribe proper therapy, - issue a short- and long-term prognosis. D4 - COMUNICATIVE ABILITY At the end of the training activity, the student must be able to: - produce a clinical report on the animals visited and be able to actively participate in clinical briefings by discussing with people of equal level of preparation by laying out their assessments supported by appropriate arguments, - demonstrate language properties in both written and oral form, as well as the ability to employ terminology appropriate enough for a proper approach to the profession, which is also important for job interviews. D5 - LEARNING CAPACITY At the end of the training activity, the student must be able to: - consult and understand scientific texts, even innovative, bibliographic updates, regulatory dictations, in such a way as to use them in contexts not only usual for the profession, including research, but also original, - having a mastery of the subject large enough to provide an acceptable basis for continuing vocational training throughout life, through continuing continuing training
Prerequisites	In order to be able to attend the course effectively and acquire its contents in full, the student must have a solid foundation in anatomy, physiology, general pathology, pharmacology, toxicology and animal nutrition. Specific prerequisites are essential in-depth knowledge of the contents of all those disciplines that help the student to achieve the aims of the course, in particular Special Pathology and Medical Clinic I, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Animal Nutrition and Laboratory Diagnostics.
Teaching methods	Lectures will be carried out with the aid of slide projections and films related to sick animals. The practical lessons will take place both in groups for common practical activities and in small groups for clinical rotation, in the structures of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital and will cover the clinics and therapy of small animals. The practical lessons will be carried out visiting the hospitalized animals at the OVUD, carrying out various instrumental examinations (ultrasound, electrocardiography, radiography, endoscopy, blood tests etc.) and applying the possible therapeutic maneuvers. During the clinical rotation the activities start with the morning visits (breefing) of the small animals hospitalized in H24 and in the Department of Internal Medicine.
Other information	In order to deepen topics related to this teaching, it is advisable to participate as much as possible, even voluntarily, in the clinical activities that take place daily in the internal medicine department and in the H24 acceptance and emergency service of the Didactic Hospital (OVUD)
Learning verification modality	Final exam that includes a practical test and a theoretical one to be tackled in a single solution. The practical test consists of the visit of a small animal hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, with the issuance of a clinical diagnosis. The theoretical part lasting about one hour includes questions related to the practical test (differential diagnosis and therapy)
Extended program	diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of cardiovascular diseases (7 hr): diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of respiratory diseases (6 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system (5 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and of the exocrine pancreas (3 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of urinary tract diseases (3 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of endocrine diseases (3 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of metabolic and electrolytic diseases (3 hr); diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of infectious diseases (3 hr); diagnostic and therapeutic approach to small animals in the emergency room (3 hr).

DIETETICS

Code	GP005435
CFU	2
Teacher	Massimo Trabalza Marinucci
Teachers	Oliviero Olivieri (Codocenza) Massimo Trabalza Marinucci Gabriele Acuti (Codocenza)
Hours	9 ore (Codocenza) - Oliviero Olivieri 4 ore - Massimo Trabalza Marinucci 13 ore (Codocenza) - Gabriele Acuti
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline della zootecnica, allevamento e nutrizione animale
Academic discipline	AGR/18
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	The module provides for the study of the main nutritional and metabolic pathologies of ruminants and in particular of dairy cattle. Therefore, some topics of ruminal physiology and biochemistry will be summarized in order to understand the etiopathogenetic mechanisms underlying these metabolic alterations. Metabolic alterations of the horse and carnivores will be treated.
Reference texts	Teaching materials can be found on the Unistudium website. At the end of each lesson the teacher leaves the teaching material Setti, Mattiaccio. L'innovazione nella stalla da latte. Edagricole ISBN-978-88-506-5543-4. Disponibile presso lo studio del docente.
Educational objectives	The module aims at providing general elements regarding the metabolism of the main livestock species in order to understand some of the metabolic-nutritional imbalances that cause a reduction in productive and reproductive performance. The nutritional and managerial factors involved in the determinism of diseases of production will be treated to understand the basis of their prophylaxis. Particular attention will be paid to the nutritional management of dairy cattle in the various stages of production, and to that of sports horse and domestic carnivores. D1 – KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING The core of the received knowledge is to provide students with the basic concepts and rules that form the basis of the formulation of a diet and the correct evaluation of a rationing plan under metabolic-nutritional imbalances. In particular, the knowledge you expect the student has acquired at the end of the course are as follows: - knowledge of the metabolic and pathological factors that constitute a source of variation of nutritional requirements; knowledge of the characteristics of feeds and their methods of use in the formulation of a diet; knowledge of the processing of raw materials, additives, formulation systems and of the different treatments applied at the feed plant; knowledge of the professional spreadsheet used used for rationing. D2 – APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING The skills that the student will have to prove on the basis of the knowledge acquired are: a) to evaluate the suitability of different ingredients in relation to their possible use in the diet, considering their percentage of inclusion in the ration and the possible treatments at the level of feed industry; b) to evaluate a complete diet and its suitability for a particular animal species, depending on the physiological state and the production level; c) to correctly use a spreadsheet and a commercial software for rationing. D3 – MAKING JUDGEMENTS At the end of the training course the student will have to demonstrate independence of judgment in the following areas: - evaluation of feed/food destined for livestock and pets; - planning and formulation of diets in relation to the different metabolic and pathological conditions of animals. D4 – COMMUNICATION At the end of the training course the student should be able to: - know how to organize, prepare and show to an audience of equal level of presentation, a dietary program and/or a ration for livestock and pet animals; - having a debate with people of equal preparation and experts on different subjects, related to physical-chemical and nutritional characteristics of diets; - demonstrate language properties in both written and oral form, as well as the ability to use terminology (both scientific and suitable for the owner / breeder) appropriate to the profession of veterinarian and nutritionist, also important for job interviews. D5 – LIFELONG LEARNING SKILLS At the end of the training course the student will be able to: - interpret and consult feeding and nutrition texts, both scientific and informative, and know how to use the acquired knowledge to formulate dietary plans for animals under metabolic and nutritional unbalances; - know how to carry out bibliographical research; - carry out permanent professional education, both in the private and public sectors, relying on the knowledge learned and internalized during the five-year period of study.
Prerequisites
Teaching methods	The teaching methods used are those set out below. Theoretical lessons: a) theoretical lessons on all topics of the course; Practical lessons: b) Exercises in the classroom, either by manual calculation or with the help of specific software, aimed at formulating rations for farm animals and pets. During the exercises, the teacher remains available to the students, divided into working groups of 2-3 people, for clarification during the calculation of the ration and for the correction of the work when it is completed. The results are discussed with the entire class. The exercises are conducted in four rounds (the students are divided into 4 groups, 2 hours per each group), to enable better learning. Students can also practice personally in the calculation of rations and debate in the classroom with the teacher to evaluate the elaborate. d) Field activities at private farms (dairy cattle - beef cattle - sheep) and at the “Azienda Zootecnica Didattica” of the University (pigs - sheep - cattle). SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
Other information
Learning verification modality
Extended program	Introduction: basic elements concerning metabolism. (2 hours). Energy metabolism and its imbalances (ketosis, acidosis and related syndromes). (2 hours). Lean cow syndrome, fat cow syndrome). (2 hours). Mineral metabolism and its imbalances (acute and subclinical hypocalcemia, tetany). (2 hours). Prophylaxis of the main metabolic and nutritional pathologies (management of the dairy cow peripartum). (2 hours). Mammary pathologies related to nutritional and metabolic diseases. (2 hours). Pregnancy toxemia of sheep. (2 hours). Foal’s growth pathologies. (2 hours). Growth pathologies of domestic carnivores. (2 hours).

LEGAL VETERINARY MEDICINE, VETERINARY, ANIMAL PROTECTION LEGISLATION AND DEONTOLOGY

Code	GP005434
CFU	2
Teacher	Fabrizio Rueca
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Discipline cliniche veterinarie
Academic discipline	VET/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)