Unit HUMAN HISTOLOGY AND EMBRIOLOGY

Course
Medicine and surgery
Study-unit Code
GP004736
Curriculum
In all curricula
CFU
8
Course Regulation
Coorte 2022
Offered
2022/23
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa integrata

EMBRIOLOGIA UMANA

Code GP004784
CFU 3
Teacher Giovanni Luca
Teachers
  • Giovanni Luca
Hours
  • 37.5 ore - Giovanni Luca
Learning activities Base
Area Morfologia umana
Academic discipline BIO/17
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents MEDICAL EMBRYOLOGY AND ORGANOGENESIS
1)Spermatogenesis and Folliculogenesis Ovarian and uterine cycle.
2) Fertilization.
3) The First 4 weeks of development: Embryonic annexes
4) Embryogenesis and embryogenetic defects of the female and male reproductive apparatus.
5) Development of the main body systems ( branchial, respiratory, digestive, uro-genital, cardiovascular ) Notes on the development of the body cavities and of skeletal and muscular system.
Reference texts M. De Felici, C. Boitani, M. Bouché, R. Canipari, A. Dolfi, A. Filippini, A. Musarò, G. Popaccio, A. Salustri.
Embriologia Umana Morfogenesi - Processi Molecolari - Aspetti Clinici, Eds: Piccin, Terza Edizione, 2020.
Educational objectives Knowledge of the processes of gametogenesis and fertilization; analysis of the development of the human body with reference to the morpho-functional interactions, to the inductive phenomena, to the regulatory mechanisms and with reference to the main malformative alterations.
Teaching methods Interactive frontal lessons
Learning verification modality Oral Examination
Extended program MEDICAL EMBRYOLOGY

1)Spermatogenesis.2) Folliculogenesis and ovogenesi. Ovarian and uterine cycle.
3) Fertilization and Segmentation.
4) First and second week of development: segmentation, implant and its faults and bilaminary embryo.
5) Third week of development: gastrulation and trilaminar embryo.
6) Fourth week of development: growth,organization of Embryonic Sheath, definition of the body of embryo and early organogenesis.
7) Embryonic annexes: placenta, umbilical cord, amnios, corion, yolk sac, allantoid.
8) Embryogenesis and embryogenetic defects of the female and male reproductive apparatus.

ORGANOGENESIS

Development of the branchial apparatus, of the respiratory system and of the digestive system. Notes on the development of skeletal and muscular systems. Development of uro-genital apparatus, body cavities and cardiovascular apparatus. Notes on the development of the central and peripheral nervous system

HUMAN HISTOLOGY - MOD. 1

Code GP004782
CFU 4
Teacher Giovanni Luca
Teachers
  • Giovanni Luca
Hours
  • 59 ore - Giovanni Luca
Learning activities Base
Area Morfologia umana
Academic discipline BIO/17
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents GENERAL HISTOLOGY HUMAN (with notes of special and functional histology)

1) Definition and classification of tissues;

2) Tissues: epithelial, connective tissue proper, specialized connective (cartilage, bone and blood), adipose, nervous and muscular.
Reference texts 1) D. Bani et al. Human histology. Eds: Idelson-Gnocchi, Second Edition, 2020.

Text of research and analysis for the special part:
- M.H. Ross & W.Pawlina, Italian edition edited by G. Sica, M.G. Prat. Histology. Text and atlas with cell biology and molecular elements, CEA 2016.
Educational objectives The student must acquire adequate knowledge on biomorphological structure and function of the human body tissues
Teaching methods Interactive frontal lessons
Learning verification modality Oral Examination
Extended program HUMAN HISTOLOGY (with notes of special and functional Histology)

1) Definition and classification of tissues.

2) Epithelial tissue:

- generality;

- Lining epithelia: structure, functions and classification; examples of anatomical distribution. Differentiations of free surfaces (cilia, microvilli, stereocilia). Notes of joining systems. Epidermis;

- Exocrine glandular epithelia: classification and examples according to the degree of duct branching, adenomere shape, secretion mode, the chemical composition of the secretion;

- Endocrine glandular epithelia: secretion mode and nature of the hormones. Notes on cytologic and histologic and functional features of the endocrine glands.

3) Connective tissue:

- Structural organization; its own cells and the extracellular matrix components (collagen fibers, elastic and reticular substance and amorphous - proteoglycans and glycoproteins);

- Connective tissue proper: the cell types, extracellular matrix, classification, function and anatomical distribution of different types. - Specialized connective tissues:

a) cartilaginous tissue: cell types, the cartilaginous matrix, classification (hyaline, elastic, fibrous, and chondroid cordoide), functions and anatomical distribution of cartilage. The perichondrium.

b) bone: macro and microscopic organization. Features and compact bone and spongy bone distribution; cell types; the bone matrix. The periosteum and endosteum.

c) Blood: The figurative elements - erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets (morphology, function and life time); serum and plasma. hematocrit value. Differential count.

4) Adipose tissue: histogenesis, structure and function.

5) Nervous tissue: structure, ultrastructure, function and location. morphological characteristics of the neuron. Structure and function of the myelin layers. The cells of the neuroglia. The white matter and gray matter. nerve fibers and peripheral nerves; epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium.

6) Muscle tissue:

a) the skeletal striated muscle tissue; integration with connective tissue (endomysium, perimysium and epimysium); Structural and ultrastructural characteristics of striated skeletal muscle fiber; triad; motor end plate;

b) cardiac striated muscle tissue: ultrastructural characteristics of cardiac striated muscle fiber; intercalated discs; dyad
c) smooth muscle tissue: ultrastructural characters, functions and distribution of smooth muscle cells.

d) The muscle contraction.

HUMAN HISTOLOGY - MOD. 2

Code GP004783
CFU 1
Teacher Lorella Marinucci
Teachers
  • Lorella Marinucci
Hours
  • 12.5 ore - Lorella Marinucci
Learning activities Base
Area Morfologia umana
Academic discipline BIO/17
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents Optical microscopy. The preparation of tissue. Electron microscopy. Resolving power. The examination and interpretation of sections. Stains.
Reference texts Histology atlases racommended:- Atlante di Istologia e Anatomia Microscopica, Ross et al., Casa Editrice Ambrosiana- Istologia Funzionale, Kerr, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana.- Bani D., Bani G., Bani Sacchi T. - Istologia - Casa Editrice Idelson-GnocchiImages of microscopic slides are also available in different websites, such as: http://web.unife.it/cdl/istomed/photo.htm.
Educational objectives At the end of the course the student must: A) own autonomy in the use of the microscope; B) have acquired knowledge on the main histological techniques used in the laboratory; C) have acquired the ability to recognize critically the various tissues in histological preparations observed at the optical microscope.
Prerequisites In order to be able to understand and apply the majority of the contents described within the course, the student must have acquired basic knowledge of cellular biology.
Teaching methods Lectures . Projections of histological preparations in the classroom with an indication of tissue recognition strategies.
Other information Frequency: compulsory. University campus: Street Tristano di Joannuccio (Hospital S. Maria) - 05100 Terni.
Learning verification modality The final exam consists in a recognition test of histological preparations observed on texts or under an optical microscope.
Extended program MEANS AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION. Brief history of Histology and its methods of study: the first means of investigations until microscope light. The optical microscope: the 'parts' of the optical microscope. Limits of light microscope. Resolving power. Notes on the fluorescence microscope and the microscope in phase contrast. The electron microscope: the basic structure. Theoretical resolving power and real resolving power. The scanning microscope. Technical set-up of the slides: fixation the inclusion. Freezing-drying. Artefacts. Dyes: classification and properties. Technical construction of the sections: microtome, ultramicrotome, cryostat. Signs on histochemical methods: localization of proteins, lipids and glucides. Strategies for recognition by light microscopy about epithelial tissue, glandular exocrine and endocrine epithelial; connective, cartilage, bone and blood; muscle tissue and nerve tissue.
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