Unit MEASUREMENT AND SURVEYING OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
- Course
- Safety engineering for the territory and the built environment
- Study-unit Code
- A002246
- Curriculum
- Costruito
- CFU
- 10
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2021
- Offered
- 2022/23
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa integrata
GEOMATIC SURVEYING AND MONITORING
| Code | A002247 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Teacher | Fabio Radicioni |
| Teachers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Caratterizzante |
| Area | Ingegneria della sicurezza e protezione civile, ambientale e del territorio |
| Academic discipline | ICAR/06 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | Principles of measurement with laser scanners. Design of a laser scanner survey. Alignment of dense point clouds. Generation of a mesh and texture model. Integration of the laser scanner technique with traditional terrestrial, satellite and terrestrial or UAV photogrammetry techniques. Processing of scans with vector extraction of plants, sections, orthophotos, DSMs or CAD models for BIM generation. Survey of the built using digital images. Terrestrial and drone photogrammetry. Design of photogrammetric survey . Georeferencing, ground control points and check points. Computer vision and Structure from Motion. Use of multiple images and matching techniques. Integration of point clouds generated by photogrammetry and laser scanning. Monitoring of the buildings. Measurements and geomatic monitoring techniques: measurement of angles, distances and level differences and their variation over time. Control of the movements and deformations of the building. Preventive monitoring and testing of engineering structures. Variometric and continuous measurements: high precision geometric leveling, total robotic stations, GNSS satellite techniques. |
| Reference texts | Lecture notes of the teacher |
| Educational objectives | Students are expected to achieve the objectives related to the Dublin descriptors 1 (knowledge of the theoretical-methodological content) and 2 (ability to correctly apply the theoretical knowledge) with reference to the contents of the course and in particular: basic concepts of survey and monitoring; - use of point clouds from laser scanning and SfM photogrammetry; - 3D modeling of buildings and structures; - techniques for detecting movements and deformations of buildings with terrestrial and satellite GNSS methods. Further objectives are the ability to perform independent evaluations and elaborations on the thematics of the sector with an effective integration of the different techniques available, and the acquisition of a correct language for this type of applications. |
| Prerequisites | In order to effectively understand and apply the principles and techniques taught in the course, a basic knowledge of the following topics is required: - mathematics, plane and solid geometry and trigonometry elements; - basic computer science: cad, excel, office, online research tools; - basic English language. |
| Teaching methods | Classroom lectures on course topics. Lectures in the classroom assisted by the teacher on the use of methodologies related to the course, with particular reference to problems of acquisition and processing of data of scans, digital images and movement control measures with use of specific and open source software. External survey and monitoring with the use of topographic and GNSS measuring instruments for the control of deformations of buildings and structures. |
| Other information | Due to the applicative character of the module, lecture frequency is advisable |
| Learning verification modality | Given the applicative nature of the course, students are advised to present a short report on the practical activities carried out during the course, which will be discussed during the oral examination. The test will be aimed at ascertaining the following skills (Dublin descriptors 1, 2 3iv, 4): - knowledge of course contents; - ability to apply the content; - autonomy of judgement in the choice and integration of the different methodologies; - ownership and coherence of the sector language; - ability to manage a dialectical relationship on the contents of the course. For information on support services for students with disabilities and/or DSA please visit http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa |
| Extended program | Measuring principles with laser scanners: time-of-flight, phase-difference and triangulation measurement. Design of a laser scanner survey: resolution, scanning area, digital image acquisition. Alignment of the dense clouds of points: roto-spatial translation and realization of the 3D model. Generation of a mesh and texture model. Integration of the laser scanner technique with traditional terrestrial, satellite and terrestrial or UAV photogrammetry techniques. Accuracy of acquisitions and accuracy of point clouds. Processing of scans with extraction of vector drawings of plants, sections, orthophotos, DSMs or CAD models for BIM generation. Survey of the built using digital images. Terrestrial and drone photogrammetry. Principles of photogrammetry: digital images and sensor distortions. Design of photogrammetric survey. Georeferencing, ground control points and check points. Stereoscopic restitution. Computer vision and Structure from Motion. Use of multiple images and matching techniques. Generation and post-processing of dense point, mesh and texture clouds. Integration of point clouds generated by photogrammetry and laser scanning. Monitoring of the building. Measurements and geomatic monitoring techniques: measurement of angles, distances and level differences and their variation over time. Measurement of physical quantities and their variations over time. Processing of observations with statistical treatment: measurement and error, precision and accuracy. Propagation law of variance-covariance. Control of the movements and deformations of the building. Variation of inclination. Preventive monitoring and testing of engineering structures. Settlements of building foundations and structures. Variometric and continuous measurements: high precision geometric leveling, total robotic stations, GNSS satellite techniques. |
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR BUILDING DIAGNOSTICS
| Code | A002248 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 4 |
| Teacher | Gianluca Rossi |
| Teachers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Affine/integrativa |
| Area | Attività formative affini o integrative |
| Academic discipline | ING-IND/12 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | The course illustrates the most common diagnostic investigation methods for the evaluation of the structural safety of buildings. The foundations are given on the concept of measurement, on the main measurement methods of fields of physical quantities, stress, deformations, vibrations, non-contact techniques for the measurement of thermal fields, innovative sensors for research and development applications. The description of the operating principle, the critical evaluation of performance and fields of use, the selection criteria, the methods of interpretation of the experimental data obtained are given for all the instruments. |
| Reference texts | Gianluca Rossi, Misure meccaniche e termiche, basi teoriche e principali sensori e strumenti ISBN 9788843053612 E. O. Doebelin, Strumenti e metodi di misura, Ed. Mc Graw-Hill. Lecture notes and teaching materials by the teacher on the Unistudium Platform. |
| Educational objectives | Understanding the mode of operation and specifications of instrumentation for control systems. Evaluate the measurement uncertainty and its main causes in applications. |
| Prerequisites | Mathematics and physics basic typical of engineering |
| Teaching methods | The course is organized as follows: lectures on ali subjects of the course; Laboratory exercises |
| Learning verification modality | Oral exam |
| Extended program | Fundamentals of the concept of measurement. Application of measuring instruments in various fields and in particular in controls; concept of measurement and uncertainty; configuration of a measuring instrument; functional block diagram; examples. Characteristics of measurement chains and signal analysis. Static calibration and static characteristics of an instrument, uncertainty, sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, threshold, resolution, hysteresis, dead space, scale readability, input impedance; uncertainty in indirect measurements; elements of analysis of analog and digital signals, spectra, correlations, transfer functions; main electrical and electronic components of measuring chains for data manipulation, transmission, acquisition, processing and presentation. Displacement and deformation measurements, force measurement, systems for non-destructive diagnostics. Infrared thermography, anemometry and laser Doppler vibrometry, 3D scanner. For each physical quantity we study the samples, the static calibration modalities and the usable instruments; the description of the operating principle, the critical evaluation of performance and fields of use, the selection criteria, the methods of interpretation of the experimental data obtained are given for all the instruments |