Unit MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
- Course
- Industrial pharmacy
- Study-unit Code
- 65002506
- Curriculum
- In all curricula
- Teacher
- Carmela Conte
- Teachers
-
- Carmela Conte
- Hours
- 48 ore - Carmela Conte
- CFU
- 6
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2023
- Offered
- 2024/25
- Learning activities
- Caratterizzante
- Area
- Discipline biologiche e farmacologiche
- Academic discipline
- BIO/11
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa monodisciplinare
- Language of instruction
- Italian
- Contents
- Biological macromolecules: DNA, RNA and proteins. Functions of nucleic acids: expression and use of the information contained in them.
Non-coding RNAs and applications in experimental and biomedical research.
The study of pathologies at the molecular level and therapeutic approaches. Methods for studying gene expression. Recombinant DNA technology: applications in biomedicine and biotechnology.
Generation of cellular and animal model systems. - Reference texts
- Biologia Molecolare Amaldi, Benedetti, Pesole, Plevani - terza edizione 2018
Biologia
Slides provided by the teacher via the Unistudium platformmolecolare del gene Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick - edizione 2022
Biotecnologie Molecolari Brown - seconda edizione 2017 - Educational objectives
- The course aims to provide students with the basic elements for understanding the structural organization of genes and the molecular mechanisms that regulate transcription and post-transcriptional processes in both physiological and pathological conditions. The course also offers students basic knowledge on the experimental methodological tools of molecular biology, taking care of the application aspects inherent to genetic engineering, biotechnology and biomedicine.
- Prerequisites
- Knowledge of Biochemistry and General Biology
- Teaching methods
- Classroom lessons with slide shows and videos.
- Learning verification modality
- It consists of an oral test to verify the level of knowledge and ability to understand the topics covered during the course
- Extended program
- - Notes on the protein structures
- The central dogma of molecular biology. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
- DNA structure. Alternative DNA structures (A, B, Z). DNA conformations and superstructures: supercoiling, topoisomerases. Chromosomes: chromatin, nucleosomes, histones, the organization of the genome. Gene definition. The eukaryotic genome. Transposons. The bacterial genome. Plasmids. Bacteriophages
- DNA replication. DNA synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. DNA polymerase. Semiconservative and semidiscontinuous DNA replication. Telomerase and their role
- DNA denaturation and renaturation. Hyperchromic effect
- DNA mutations and single base and double strand repair systems
- Structure of RNA. Types of RNA: coding and non-coding RNAs
- Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Transcription machinery and mechanisms:
- Regulation of Gene Regulation expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
- Regulation of transcription in prokaryotes: Lactose and Tryptophan operons.
- Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. Epigenetic regulation of expression. Histone modifications, euchromatin and heterochromatin.
- Transcription factors, coactivators and corepressors.
- Post-transcriptional regulation of genes. The chemistry of RNA splicing and alternative splicing, capping and mRNA polyadenylation. Pathologies associated with defects in the splicing process and potential therapeutic approaches. Maturation of Histone mRNA.
- Genetic code and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: genetic code and mechanism of translation. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Translation regulation.
- The regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression in eukaryotes: The control of the stability of messenger RNAs and NMD. Non-coding RNAs with regulatory activity: microRNAs (biogenesis and function) and long non-coding RNAs. The phenomenon of interfering RNA and its applications in experimental and biomedical research. Pathologies associated with alterations of post-transcriptional regulatory processes. Use of RNAs as therapeutic targets or as therapeutic molecules.
- Recombinant DNA technology and molecular cloning: restriction endonucleases, cloning vectors, ligases. Bacterial transformation. Plasmid and chromosomal DNA purification.
- Nucleic acid electrophoresis.
- Restriction map.
- Southern blotting. Northern blotting.
- DNA marking methods (radioactive and non-radioactive).
- The probes. Genomic and cDNA libraries. Library screening. Jumping and linking libraries.
- Functional and positional cloning.
- DNA sequencing.
- Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Microsatellites. VNTR.
- Study of gene mapping and structure.
- Study of gene expression and function. Fusion proteins
- DNA-protein interaction study - EMSA - Footprinting - Immunoprecipitation
- Study of genomes.
- Site-specific mutagenesis. SNP.
- Two hybrid system.
- Real time PCR. SAGE.
- Microarrays.
- Promoter analysis.
- In situ hybridization. - Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile
- Health and wellness.