Unit DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

MOLECOLAR BIOLOGY'S METHODS AND THECNIQUES IN PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

Code	50993201
CFU	1
Teacher	Martina Mandarano
Teachers	Martina Mandarano
Hours	12 ore - Martina Mandarano
Learning activities	Affine/integrativa
Area	Attività formative affini o integrative
Academic discipline	MED/46
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Application of molecular biology techniques to tissue preparations of Anatomic Pathology. Principles of the different nucleic acid analysis techniques (DNA and RNA extraction, PCR and its variants, main types of sequencing). In Situ Hybridization techniques (FISH, CISH, SISH). Tissue microarrays (TMAs). Main applications of molecular biology techniques, particularly as regards the diagnostic-therapeutic implications in the oncology field.
Reference texts	A. Fassina, R. Cappellesso: Anatomia patologica e citopatologia per TLB. (2019) Cleup G. Pelosi, A. Sapino, E. Maiorano: Manuale di Anatomia Patologica Funzionale. (2022) Edizioni Minerva Medica L. Ruco, A. Scarpa: Anatomia Patologica - Le Basi. (2007) UTET
Educational objectives	Acquisition of the principles for the adequate preparation of histological and/or cytological samples for the application of molecular biology techniques. Acquisition of the principles and methodologies related to molecular biology techniques applied to Anatomic Pathology and Histology. Learn to recognize the critical points of the various stages of a method and to obtain reliable results for a correct application of molecular biology techniques.
Prerequisites	In order to understand the most important aspects of molecular biology techniques with the related anatomo-clinical correlations and associated problems, the student must have basic knowledge of Biology, Basics of Genetics, Histology, Human Anatomy, Methods and techniques of histology and cytology, Molecular Biology, Human Pathology Sciences.
Teaching methods	Taught lessons. Practical activity at the laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology. There are courses, materials and/or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs.
Other information	Office hours: Thursday 15-17 (by appointment), also through video call on the Teams platform. e-mail address: martina.mandarano@unipg.it Phone number: +39 075 5782510
Learning verification modality	Oral exam The exam relating to this module includes an oral test of about 10 minutes which will focus on a question relating to theoretical topics indicated in the program. The purpose of the oral exam is to verify the level of knowledge reached by the student on the theoretical contents indicated in the program, in order to evaluate the student’s ability to present them, with language properties and terminological appropriateness, as well as student’s problem-solving skills, related to the use of molecular biology techniques in the Anatomic Pathology field. There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs. For information on support services for students with disabilities and / or SLDs, visit the page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	Introduction: bases of molecular pathology Definition of molecular pathology Aims of molecular pathology Basic definitions useful in molecular pathology Molecular pathology techniques and the importance of their knowledge by the biomedical laboratory technician Preparation of histological and cytological samples for the application to molecular biology techniques Types of biological materials which can be used in molecular biology and biological materials more frequently used in the Anatomic Pathology laboratory Pre-analytical phase for molecular biology analyses Role of the laboratory technician of Anatomic Pathology in the preparation of materials suitable for molecular biology techniques Principles of the different techniques of nucleic acid analysis Anti-contamination devices Nucleic acid extraction PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and its phases Nested-PCR RT-PCR qRT-PCR Kind of probes used in PCR PCR after treatment with bisulfite Classic sequencing Pyrosequencing Sequencing by mass spectrometry - MALDI-TOF NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) In situ hybridization (FISH, CISH, SISH) Tissue Micro-Array Preparation Applications Applications of molecular biology techniques Applications to the microbiological field Applications to the diagnostic field Applications to the oncology field, with particular regards to breast, ovarian, colorectal carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma Applications to the therapeutic field

HYSTOPATHOLOGI'S NOTIONS AND ELEMENTS OF AUTOPSY

Code	50666802
CFU	2
Teacher	Guido Bellezza
Teachers	Guido Bellezza
Hours	24 ore - Guido Bellezza
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Basic histopathological aspects of acute and chronic inflammations, cell degenerations, disorders of cell growth, differentiation and maturation. Dissection protocols and organ removal modalities during autopsy.
Reference texts	"Anatomia Patologica. Le basi." L. Ruco; A. Scarpa UTET Edizioni Scienze Mediche. "Tecnica delle autopsie per riscontro diagnostico" Autori: Mottura. Editore: Utet Edizione: II, 1986 “Manuale di anatomia patologica funzionale”, autori: Pelosi, Sapino, Maiorano Editore: Minerva Medica, Volume: Unico, Edizione:2022
Educational objectives	The student should acquire competence in the main activity of the histopathology laboratory
Prerequisites	In order to understand the elementary morphological aspects of the most common human pathologies with the relative anatomical-clinical correlations and associated problems, the student must have basic knowledge of Biology, Bases of genetics, Histology, Human Anatomy, Methods and techniques of histology and cytology, Molecular Biology, Human Pathology Sciences.
Teaching methods	Face-to-face lessons. Practical training - Theoretical lessons and practical training - Laboratory- There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs.
Other information	Office hours: Tuesday 16-18 (by appointment), also via video call mode on the Teams platform. email: guido.bellezza@unipg.it phone: + 39 75/5783891
Learning verification modality	Oral examination (1 question for each module of the course, about 10 minutes). The exam is carried out in the presence of all the course teachers. There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs. http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	Cellular and tissue lesions as a response to environmental stimuli (physiological and pathological). Abnormalities of cell growth (with concrete examples): Atrophies, Hypertrophies and Hyperplasias. Anomalies of differentiation (with concrete examples): Metaplasia. Abnormalities of growth, differentiation and maturation (with concrete examples): Dysplasias. Acute inflammation (with concrete examples): histological aspects of angiophlogosis, neutrophils, evolution and complications of acute inflammation. Chronic inflammation (with concrete examples): meaning and histological aspects (lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts). Evolutions, complications and variants (granulomas). necrosis and apoptosis. General aspects of tumors, basics of terminology, main macroscopic and microscopic aspects of human neoplasms. The diagnostic finding Definitions, legal bases (mortuary police regulation) and usefulness. The timing of the autopsy. The cadaveric section: opening of the cranial, thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	3- Health and wellness

ORGANIZATION OF ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY LABORATORY

Code	50787801
CFU	1
Teacher	Giamprimo Bartoli
Teachers	Giamprimo Bartoli
Hours	12 ore - Giamprimo Bartoli
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico
Academic discipline	MED/46
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian.
Contents	Organization of the Histopathology Laboratory, skills and responsibilities of the Pathological Anatomy laboratory technician
Reference texts	J.D. Bancroft M. Gamble, Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques, Churchill Livingstone Elservier, Sixth Edition - L. Roco A. Scarpa, Anatomia Patologica Le Basi, UTET. Paths, materials and/or assessment methodologies consistent with the needs of disabled and/or DSA students are provided.
Educational objectives	Through lessons and practical activities the student will learn about the organization of a modern Pathological Anatomy and Histology laboratory. The student: - will learn the procedures applied to Histopathological Diagnosis. You will know the guidelines, procedures, operating instructions, quality control and safety procedures of the Pathological Anatomy laboratory.
Prerequisites	Nozioni e fondamenti derivanti dallo studio propedeudico delle metodiche e tecnihe di istologia
Teaching methods	The course includes lessons and practical activities. Paths, materials and/or assessment methodologies consistent with the needs of disabled and/or DSA students are provided.
Other information	The student can contact the teacher for clarifications via telephone and/or e-mail. The teacher will arrange a meeting with the student.
Learning verification modality	Collegiate oral exam: "Diagnostic methodologies of Pathological Anatomy. Paths, materials and/or assessment methodologies consistent with the needs of disabled and/or DSA students are envisaged.
Extended program	Sending, transporting and storing samples. Preparation of the histological examination. FFPE. Cryostat. QMS. Safety.

PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HYSTOLOGY'S TECNIQUES

Code	50657002
CFU	2
Teacher	Guido Bellezza
Teachers	Guido Bellezza
Hours	24 ore - Guido Bellezza
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Main histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Quality control of immunohistochemistry.
Reference texts	"Anatomia Patologica. Le basi." L. Ruco; A. Scarpa UTET Edizioni Scienze Mediche, "Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques" 5th edizione, JD Bancroft; M. Gamble, Churchill Livingstone. P. Minutillo "TRATTATO SULLA CONOSCENZA DELL'ISTOCHIMICA E IMMUNOISTOCHIMICA MEDICA CON CENNI STORICI". Edizioni Univers, 2023, II Edizione. A Fassina, R. Cappellesso: Anatomia patologica e citopatologia per TLB 2019 Cleup
Educational objectives	Knowledge of managing histopathological laboratory. Main histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
Prerequisites	Notions and principles deriving from the preparatory study of histology methods and techniques
Teaching methods	face-to-face - Practical training - Theoretical lessons and practical training - Laboratory- There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs.
Other information	Office hours: Tuesday 16-18 (by appointment), also via video call mode on the Teams platform. email: guido.bellezza@unipg.it phone: + 39 75/5783891
Learning verification modality	Oral examination (1 question for each module of the course, about 10 minutes). The exam is carried out in the presence of all the course teachers. There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLDs. http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	Histochemical stains: connective tissues and stains; demonstration of mucins, lipids and nucleic acids, pigments and minerals. Immunohistochemical techniques. Theory. Mono and polyclonal antibodies. Labels. Immunohistochemical methods: traditional direct technique and indirect technique. Avidin-biotin technique. PAP and APAAP. Polymer. Immunoperoxidase and immunophosphates techniques. Antigen retrieval techniques. Blocking endogenous enzymes. Quality control of immunohistochemistry.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	3 - Health and wellness

CYTOPHATOLOGY'S NOYIONS AND TECHNIQUES

Code	50667302
CFU	2
Teacher	Rachele Del Sordo
Teachers	Rachele Del Sordo
Hours	24 ore - Rachele Del Sordo
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico
Academic discipline	MED/08
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Methods for collection, retention, fixation of cytological specimens. Processing and staining techniques.
Reference texts	1) "Anatomia Patologica. Le basi." L. Ruco; A. Scarpa UTET Edizioni Scienze Mediche 2)A. Fassina, R. Cappellesso: Anatomia patologica e citopatologia per TLB. (2019) Cleup 3) "Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques" 5th edizione JD Bancroft; M. Gamble Churchill Livingstone There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLD ". For information on support services for students with disabilities and / or SLD, visit the page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Educational objectives	Known how to send the cytologic material, the various techniques of processing of the material and stains. The main skill will: obtain a optimal cytologic slide for an accurate diagnosis.
Prerequisites	In order to understand the most important aspects of cytological techniques with the related anatomo-clinical correlations and associated problems, the student must have basic knowledge of Biology, Histology, Human Anatomy, Human Pathology Sciences
Teaching methods	Lessons face-to-face - Practical training at cytology laboratory. Observation at light microscopy of cytologic slides There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLD ". For information on support services for students with disabilities and / or SLD, visit the page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Other information	For information rachele.delsordo@unipg.it Reception hours: Wednesday 15:00 p.m.-18:00 p.m.
Learning verification modality	Oral questions There are courses, materials and / or assessment methods consistent with the needs of students with disabilities and / or SLD ". For information on support services for students with disabilities and / or SLD, visit the page http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	Historical overview. Diagnostic cytology. Cytologic sampling techniques: exfoliative cytology, abrasive cytology, aspiration cytology. Advantages and disadvantages respect to histopathology. The role of technician in cytopathology laboratory. Treatment and secure of cytological samples. Fixation, processing and staining techniques. The Papanicolaou stain. Other stains useful in diagnostic cytology. Mounting the cell sample. Immunocytology. Cell-block Diagnostic cytology of female genital tract. The normal female genital tract. Benign disorders and neoplastic lesions. PAP test. Its role in screening programs.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	3-Good Health and well-being