Unit PHYSIOLOGY AND APPLIED PHYSICS

Course
Midwifery
Study-unit Code
A003323
Curriculum
In all curricula
Teacher
Bernard Fioretti
CFU
4
Course Regulation
Coorte 2023
Offered
2023/24
Type of study-unit
Obbligatorio (Required)
Type of learning activities
Attività formativa integrata

APPLIED PHYSICS

Code GP003717
CFU 2
Teacher Marta Marcantonini
Teachers
  • Marta Marcantonini
Hours
  • 30 ore - Marta Marcantonini
Learning activities Base
Area Scienze propedeutiche
Academic discipline FIS/07
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Contents Introduzione alla Cinematica. MRU. MRUA. MRUD. Legge della caduta dei gravi. Moto parabolico di un proiettile. Moto armonico semplice. Moto circolare uniforme. Introduzione alla Dinamica. Leggi della dinamica. Quantità di moto. Lavoro. Potenza. Energia cinetica e potenziale. Sistema di punti materiali. Urti. Corpo rigido. Statica e Dinamica dei Fluidi. Pressione. Principio di Pascal. Pressa idraulica. Legge di Stevino. Principio di Archimede. Proprietà dei fluidi. Fluido ideale. Regimi di moto dei fluidi. Equazione di continuità. Legge di Bernoulli. Introduzione alle Onde e all' Ottica. Introduzione all'ecografia. Onde elettromagnetiche.Calore e Temperatura. Introduzione alla Radioprotezione.
Educational objectives Lo studente deve acquisire conoscenze dei principi e fenomeni fisici rilevanti in ambito sanitario e in particolare in ambito ostetrico ginecologico, degli elementi di base di radioprotezione

PHYSIOLOGY

Code GP003732
CFU 2
Teacher Bernard Fioretti
Teachers
  • Bernard Fioretti
Hours
  • 30 ore - Bernard Fioretti
Learning activities Base
Area Scienze biomediche
Academic discipline BIO/09
Type of study-unit Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction Italian
Contents - Neurophysiology: resting potential, action potential, graded potentials, synaptic transmission, ion channels, action potential conduction, neuromuscular synapse and muscle contraction. Sensory physiology.


- Cardiovascular system: hemodynamics, vessel resistance, cardiac physiology, electrical activity of the heart, cardiac mechanics, cardiac cycle, cardiac output, blood pressure and regulation.

- Physiology of the gastrointestinal system, digestion and absorption, secretions of the digestive system.

- Respiratory system: respiratory mechanics, alveolar exchanges, gas transport, regulation of respiration, acid-base balance.

- Urinary system: functions of the renal system, glomerular filtration, reabsorption, secretion, renal clearance, hydroelectrolytic balance, acid-base balance.

-Reproductive physiology: folliculgenesis and spermatogenesis: the ovarian cycle and sex hormones
Reference texts Fisiologia Umana – Elementi –editore Edi-ermes

Fisiologia - molecole, cellule e sistemi - editore Edi-ermes - a cura di D'Angelo e Peres
Educational objectives Knowledge of the integrated functioning of the various physiological systems aimed at maintaining homeostasis.
Prerequisites For a better understanding of the content and for the achievement of the objectives of the teaching it is desirable that at the beginning of the lessons the student already possesses the basic knowledge of biochemistry
Teaching methods The course is organized as follows: Lectures on all subjects of the course.
Projection of movies concerning some topics that will complement the lectures.
Other information
Learning verification modality The exam consists in a final oral examination to evaluate the logical and exhibition abilities on the topics.
Extended program Homeostasis, feedbacks and feedforward. Biological membranes and diffusion: transporters and channels. resting Membrane potential and Action Potential. Chemical and electrical synapses. The neurotransmitters. Neuromuscular transmission and excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal muscle. The smooth muscle.

Autonomic nervous system: 1) Orthosympathetic system and catecholaminergic transmission and 2) the parasympathetic system and cholinergic transmission. Physiology of the cardiovascular system: relationship between pressure, flow and resistance, Poiseuille's law. Parameters that determine vascular resistances. Cardiac rhythmicity and conduction of cardiac action potential. Ionic bases of action potentials. Identification of the electrical activation time sequence of the various regions of the heart and of the conduction speed in the different parts of the conduction system: ECG. Control of heart rate and systolic output and the physiology of microcirculation and lymphatic circulation. Mechanisms underlying the exchanges between blood and interstitial fluid.


Physiology of the respiratory system: mechanisms of modification of the lung volume, air movements and pressures that determine it. Laplace's law applied to the alveolus. Compliance concept. Measurement of lung volumes, spirometer. Anatomical dead space. Respiratory minute volume, pulmonary, alveolar and dead space ventilation. Alveolo-capillary gas exchange. Composition and partial pressures in atmospheric, inspired and alveolar air. Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Law of diffusion and factors affecting the diffusion rate. Transport of oxygen in the blood. Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, analysis of the curve and its physiological significance. Factors affecting the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. Transport of carbon dioxide.


Physiology of the renal system: the nephron and the characteristics of the glomerular filtration barrier. The renal functions of filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Definition of GFR and inulin clearance, creatinine and glucose clearance. Physiological control of glomerular filtration and renal blood flow. Reabsorption and secretion in the different tracts of the neuphrone. Osmotic control of ADH secretion. Renin-angiotensin system, aldosterone. Defenses against pH variations, buffer systems. Renal control of acid-base balance. Quantification of the acidifying capacity of the kidney: reabsorption of bicarbonate and glucose, elimination of ammonium ion. Chewing and swallowing. The motor functions of the stomach, small intestine and colon. Peristalsis and its neurobiology. Gastrointestinal reflexes, defecation and vomiting. Mechanisms of salivary, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary secretion and neuro-hormonal regulation. The enterohepatic recirculation. Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Fundamental principles of gastrointestinal absorption.

Endocrine system physiology: Hormone-mediated intercellular mechanisms. Mechanisms of hormone secretion and its regulation: nervous, chronotropic and feedback control.
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