Unit BIO-ECHO-COMPATIBLE SYNTHETIC PROCESSES
- Course
- Molecular and industrial biotechnology
- Study-unit Code
- GP004115
- Curriculum
- In all curricula
- Teacher
- Luca Sancineto
- Teachers
-
- Luca Sancineto
- Hours
- 42 ore - Luca Sancineto
- CFU
- 6
- Course Regulation
- Coorte 2021
- Offered
- 2021/22
- Learning activities
- Caratterizzante
- Area
- Discipline chimiche
- Academic discipline
- CHIM/06
- Type of study-unit
- Obbligatorio (Required)
- Type of learning activities
- Attività formativa monodisciplinare
- Language of instruction
- Italian
- Contents
- Renewable resources for processes to access energy, fine chemicals and plastics: Biomass. Biomass types. Biorefineries. Chemical processes for the biomass valorization finalized to the preparation of biofuels, bio-chemicals, bioplastics. Green chemistry and biorefineries. Alternative solvents. Heterogenized and heterogeneous catalysts. Microwaves as alternative heating source. Renewables industries: some examples.
- Reference texts
- -Educational material distributed during the lectures-J. Clark, F. Deswarte (Eds) “Introduction to Chemicals from Biomass”, 2008 John Wiley & Sons
- Educational objectives
- Obiettivi formativi OBIETT_FORM Sì L'obiettivo principale del corso è quello di fornire allo studente le conoscenze fondamentali per elaborare razionalmente dei criteri di scelta per l'impiego dei principi della chimica verde nell'ambito di processi sintetici, con particolare riferimento ai processi di trasformazione delle biomasse vegetali per la generazione di bioenergia e per la produzione di bio-chemicals e bioplastiche. Le principali conoscenze acquisite saranno:-Conoscere il significato di biomassa-Conoscere i principali tipi di biomassa, con particolare riferimento alla biomassa vegetale-Conoscere il significato di bioraffineria e di “molecole piattaforma”-Conoscere i principali tipi di pre-trattamento delle biomasse vegetali, preliminari ai differenti processi chimici di conversione - Conoscere gli aspetti caratteristici dei processi termochimici di gassificazione, combustione e pirolisi-Conoscere i principali processi mediati da catalizzatori chimici per la trasformazione delle molecole piattaforma approfondite a lezione in biocarburanti, bio-chemicals e bioplastiche-Acquisire i concetti della Chimica Verde e le principali strategie per la realizzazione di processi chimici eco-compatibili di trasformazione delle biomasse che li utilizzano.Le principali abilità saranno:-capacità di riconoscere le tipologie di biomassa vegetale da destinare, rispettivamente, alla produzione di bioenergia, bio-chemicals, bioplastiche-Capacità di sviluppare il concetto di bioraffineria-Capacità di individuare similitudini e differenze tra i processi termochimici di trasformazione delle biomasse vegetali lignocellulosiche.-Capacità di identificare i punti critici nei processi noti di trasformazione di biomassa vegetale ed elaborare criteri di scelta per l'utilizzo dei principi della chimica verde, al fine di ottenere miglioramenti in termini di impatto ambientale e sostenibilità The main objective of the course is to provide to students the basic knowledge to rationally elaborate criteria of choice criteria of choice to improve synthetic processes by using the so-called 12 Green Chemistry principles as guidelines , with particular reference to the current technologies for vegetal biomass transformations into bioenergy, biochemicals, bioplastics.The main knowledge acquired will be: -knowledge of the biomass definition-knowledge of the main types of biomass, with particular reference to vegetal biomass. -knowledge of the biorefinery and of the “platform molecule” concepts-knowledge of the main technologies of pre-treatment for the vegetal biomass, preliminary to the diverse conversion processes.-knowledge of the main characteristics of the thermochemical processes, i.e. combustion, gasification and pyrolysis-knowledge of the main catalytic technologies for the upgrade of those platform molecules examined in-depth during lectures into biofuels, biochemicals, bioplastics.- Acquisition of the Green Chemistry basic concepts and the main strategies to realize eco-compatible synthetic processes for vegetal biomass valorization-The main abilities will be: -ability in recognizing the proper type of vegetal biomass to dedicate to the production of bioenergy, biochemicals and bioplastics, respectively-ability in developing the concept of biorefinery-ability in identifying similarities and differences between the thermochemical conversion technologies of lignocellulosic biomass-ability in identifying critical issues in the current processes for vegetal biomass transformation and elaborating criteria of choice for the use of Green Chemistry principles, to obtain improvements in terms of environmental impact and sustainability
- Prerequisites
- none
- Teaching methods
- Face-to-face lectures on all the topics of the course
- Learning verification modality
- Oral exam. Time of duration: about 30 min. The exam will consist of open questions aiming at assessing the level of knowledge/expertise achieved by the student on the course topics. Further, through the exam will be evaluated the student's communication skills and ability of logically organize the discussion.
- Extended program
- Introduction. Renewable resources for processes to access energy, fine chemicals and plastics: Biomass. Biomass types. Major vegetal biomass components. Biorefineries. Chemical processes for the biomass valorization finalized to the preparation of biofuels, bio-chemicals, bioplastics via “platform molecules”. Green chemistry and biorefineries. The 12 Green Chemistry principles. Metrics. Main strategies for the realization of eco-compatible chemical processes for biomass transformation. Alternative solvents: water, immobilized solvents, ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures, fluorinated solvents, biomass-derived solvents, solvent-free conditions, supercritical fluids. Heterogenized and heterogeneous catalysts. Microwaves as alternative heating source. Renewables industries: some examples.