Unit PHARMACOLOGY, ANESTHESIOLOGY AND GENERAL SURGERY. FIRST AID

ANESTHESIOLOGY

Code	50002101
CFU	1
Teacher	Edoardo De Robertis
Teachers	Edoardo De Robertis
Hours	15 ore - Edoardo De Robertis
Learning activities	Base
Area	Primo soccorso
Sector	MED/41
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

MIDWIFE ASSISTANCE IN THE OPERATING ROOM

Code	A003295
CFU	2
Teacher	Francesca Bordoni
Teachers	Francesca Bordoni
Hours	30 ore - Francesca Bordoni
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze ostetriche
Sector	MED/47
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

GENERAL SURGERY

Code	50111501
CFU	1
Teacher	Francesco Barberini
Teachers	Francesco Barberini
Hours	15 ore - Francesco Barberini
Learning activities	Base
Area	Primo soccorso
Sector	MED/18
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

PHARMACOLOGY

Code	50573402
CFU	2
Teacher	Francesca Fallarino
Teachers	Giorgia Manni (Codocenza) Francesca Fallarino
Hours	22 ore (Codocenza) - Giorgia Manni 8 ore - Francesca Fallarino
Learning activities	Base
Area	Primo soccorso
Sector	BIO/14
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion 2. Principles of Pharmacodynamics 3. Principles of Toxicology SPECIAL PHARMACOLOGY 1. Estrogens, Progestins and Drugs Affecting Uterine Motility 2. General Principles of Antibiotic Therapy 3. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) 4. Glucocorticoids 5. Opioid Analgesics and Their Antagonists 6. Local Anesthetics 7. Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs: Benzodiazepines
Reference texts	Clementi Francesco, Fumagalli Guido Farmacologia generale e molecolare, casa editrice UTET - Katzung B.G., - Farmacologia generale e clinica - Piccin, Padova - Cella, Di Giulio, Gorio, Scaglione, Farmacologia Generale e Speciale per lauree sanitarie, Casa Editrice Piccin - Rang H.P., Dale M.M., Ritter J.M. – Farmacologia - Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano - Mario Furlanut Farmacologia Principi e applicazioni, Casa Editrice Piccin
Educational objectives	At the end of the course, students should acquire knowledge of current pharmacological principles, with particular emphasis on drug use during pregnancy. Students should understand that pregnancy represents a unique physiological condition from a pharmacological perspective and should be able to distinguish drugs that are considered safe from those that are contraindicated because of toxic or teratogenic effects. Students should also develop the ability to evaluate and monitor pharmacological treatments in pregnant women, applying scientific knowledge with appropriate professional responsibility, communication skills and clinical judgment. These competencies are achieved through a thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the major drug classes.
Prerequisites	Students should possess a solid background in biology and basic knowledge of reproductive physiology, electrophysiology and the pathophysiology of inflammation.
Teaching methods	The course is organized into three sequential modules: 1. General Pharmacology, providing the fundamental principles required for the study of drugs. 2. Special Pharmacology, focusing on mechanisms of action, clinical applications and adverse effects of commonly used drugs. 3. Obstetric Pharmacology, focusing on drugs commonly employed in obstetric practice. Each lecture begins with a review of the previous lesson involving active student participation. Students are encouraged to contribute to discussions throughout the course to maximize understanding and learning.
Other information	Attendance is required.
Learning verification modality	Assessment consists of an oral examination lasting approximately 20 minutes. The examination evaluates not only knowledge of the course contents but also the student's ability to integrate pharmacological concepts with physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms, discuss adverse drug reactions, and critically apply acquired knowledge. Communication skills and reasoning abilities contribute to the final evaluation. For information regarding support services for students with disabilities and/or specific learning disorders (SLD), please visit: http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	1. PHARMACOKINETICS • Drug absorption: membrane transport mechanisms; lipid-soluble and water-soluble drugs; drug ionization. • Routes of administration. • Blood-brain barrier and placental barrier. • Drug distribution: factors affecting drug distribution and plasma protein binding. • Drug metabolism: Phase I and Phase II reactions; enzyme induction and inhibition; pharmacokinetic tolerance. • Drug excretion: renal excretion, biliary excretion, alternative routes of elimination, clearance and half-life. • Bioavailability and first-pass metabolism. 2. PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACODYNAMICS • Mechanisms of drug action. • Definitions of agonist, antagonist and partial agonist. • Dose-response relationships: efficacy and potency. • Structure and function of the four major receptor families. 3. PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY • Toxic effects of drugs. • Teratogenesis. • Drug abuse, tolerance and dependence. • Overview of major substance use disorders. SPECIAL PHARMACOLOGY 1. Ovarian Cycle and Reproductive Pharmacology • Estrogens. • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs). • Progestins and antiprogestins. • Menopause and hormone replacement therapy. • Hormonal contraceptives. • Drugs affecting uterine motility. 2. General Principles of Antibiotic Therapy • Penicillins. • Cephalosporins. 3. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) • Arachidonic acid metabolism. • Physiological role of prostaglandins and their involvement in inflammation. • Mechanism of action of NSAIDs. • Aspirin and paracetamol (acetaminophen). • NSAIDs and pregnancy. 4. Glucocorticoids • Mechanism of action and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. • Physiological and pharmacological effects. • Adverse effects. • Clinical applications. • Glucocorticoids and pregnancy. 5. Opioid Analgesics and Their Antagonists • Overview of pain transmission and the spinal gate control theory. • Endogenous opioid receptors and mechanisms of action. 6. Local Anesthetics • Mechanisms of action. • Clinical applications: topical, infiltration, nerve block, epidural and spinal anesthesia. 7. Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs: Benzodiazepines • GABAergic neurotransmission. • Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. • Adverse effects, dependence and withdrawal syndrome. • Benzodiazepines and pregnancy.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Good Health and well-being

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND FIRST AID

Code	A003294
CFU	1
Teacher	Bianca Reitano
Teachers	Bianca Reitano
Hours	15 ore - Bianca Reitano
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Scienze ostetriche
Sector	MED/45
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)