Unit LABORATORY MEDICINE

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Code	A001682
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Paolo Gorello
Teachers	Paolo Gorello
Hours	25 ore - Paolo Gorello
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Medicina di laboratorio e diagnostica integrata
Sector	BIO/12
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	- Generation of laboratory data and its critical interpretation.- Reliability of test results: precision, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity.- Quality management, predictive value and decision-making levels.- Units of measurement in Clinical Biochemistry, sources of preanalytical variability, reference values, Biological variability.- Principles and techniques for collecting, processing and storage of biological samples.- Methods used in Clinical Biochemistry:Centrifugation techniques, UV-Visible spectrophotometry and Spectrofluorimetry- Point-of-Care testing, Chemical dry state.- Clinical Enzymology.- Biochemical parameters. Markers of function and injury of tissue or organ with particular reference to markers of myocardial damage and markers of liver function. - Description of the most used techniques in Clinical Biochemistry: Nucleic acids electrophoresis, Protein electrophoresis, Western-blotting , ELISA assay, RIA assay, Fluorescence Microscopy.- Basic elements of Molecular Biology (genome, gene, mutations, polymorphisms) and utilization of databases (eg. NCBI, Enseble Genome Browser, Globin Gene Server).- Integration between Clinical Biochemistry methods and Molecular Biology methods : Study of Hemoglobinopathies- Description of the most used techniques in Molecular Diagnostics:end-point PCR , Real-Time PCR, dHPLC, DNA sequencing (Sanger method) , NGS (Next Generation Sequencing).
Reference texts	Slides and notes provided by teacher 1) M. Ciaccio, G. Lippi Biochimica Clinica E MEDICINA DI LABORATORIO Edises 2) I. Antonozzi, E. Gulletta MEDICINA DI LABORATORIO Logica e Patologia Clinica PICCIN
Educational objectives	The main aim of this teaching is to provide students with the theoretical principles useful to identify and analyze the sources of variability of laboratory data and to provide students with the theoretical principles needed to understand the applications and issues that underlie the methods most used in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The program includes the presentation of some investigation methods of laboratory, their application in the diagnosis of diseases. The main knowledge acquired will be:- Basic knowledge about the collection, processing and storage of biological samples.- Knowledge related to units of measurement in Clinical Biochemistry, sources of preanalytical variability, reference values, biological variability.- Basic concepts of reliability analytical precision, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity.- Basic elements about quality management , predictive value and decision-making levels.- Basic knowledge of Methods used in Clinical Biochemistry:Centrifugation techniques, UV-Visible spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry.- Basic knowledge of Clinical Enzymology: enzyme assay, markers of tissue and organ. - Basic knowledge of Methods used in Clinical Biochemistry: Nucleic acids and protein electrophoresis, Western-blotting, ELISA, RIA and TestFluorescence microscopy. - Basic knowledge of Methods used in Clinical Molecular Biology: End-point PCR, Real-Time PCR, dHPLC, DNA sequencing using Sanger method,NGS (Next Generation Sequencing). - Basic elements of Molecular Biology (genome, gene, mutations, polymorphisms) and utilization of databases (eg. NCBI, Enseble Genome Browser, Globin Gene Server).
Prerequisites	The course requires basic knowledge of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Genetics.
Teaching methods	Lectures on all subjects of the course.
Learning verification modality	Multiple choice written test: 30 questions relating to all aspects covered during the course (1 point for each question). FINAL MARK: arithmetic mean of the marks obtained in the individual disciplines (Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Pathology, Clinical Biochemistry).
Extended program	- Generation of laboratory data and its critical interpretation.- Reliability of test results: precision, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity.- Quality management, predictive value and decision-making levels.- Units of measurement in Clinical Biochemistry, sources of preanalytical variability, reference values, Biological variability.- Principles and techniques for collecting, processing and storage of biological samples.- Methods used in Clinical Biochemistry:Centrifugation techniques, UV-Visible spectrophotometry and Spectrofluorimetry- Point-of-Care testing, Chemical dry state.- Clinical Enzymology.- Biochemical parameters. Markers of function and injury of tissue or organ with particular reference to markers of myocardial damage and markers of liver function. - Description of the most used techniques in Clinical Biochemistry: Nucleic acids electrophoresis, Protein electrophoresis, Western-blotting , ELISA assay, RIA assay, Fluorescence Microscopy.- Basic elements of Molecular Biology (genome, gene, mutations, polymorphisms) and utilization of databases (eg. NCBI, Enseble Genome Browser, Globin Gene Server).- Integration between Clinical Biochemistry methods and Molecular Biology methods : Study of Hemoglobinopathies- Description of the most used techniques in Molecular Diagnostics:end-point PCR , Real-Time PCR, dHPLC, DNA sequencing (Sanger method) , NGS (Next Generation Sequencing).
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Good Health and well-being

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Code	A001681
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Antonella Mencacci
Teachers	Antonella Mencacci
Hours	25 ore - Antonella Mencacci
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Patologia generale e molecolare, immunopatologia, fisiopatologia generale, microbiologia e parassitologia
Sector	MED/07
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Organization and role of the Clinical Microbiology laboratory. Microbiological diagnostics of organ/system and apparatus infections
Reference texts	- Microbiologia Medica. Murray PR, Rosenthal LS, Pfaller MA. Edra Masson. - Principi di Microbiologia Medica, Antonelli G, Clementi M, Pozzi G, Rossolini GM - Power-point presentations of the face-to-face lessons
Educational objectives	Knowledge of the various methodological approaches that can be used for the direct and indirect microbiological diagnosis of infectious diseases. Knowledge of the correct microbiological diagnostic procedures for the etiological diagnosis of infections, with particular reference to the appropriateness of the required tests and the interpretation of the results of microbiological investigations. • Acquire an adequate diagnostic approach with respect to the infection suspected on a clinical basis • Knowing how to request microbiological tests • Knowing how to read and interpret a report.
Prerequisites	Passing exams in Microbiology and Clinical Biochemistry. Basic knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, General Pathology, Immunology.
Teaching methods	face-to-face lessons and practical activities on the main diagnostic procedures described in the frontal lessons.
Other information	Professor receives 30 minutes after each lesson or by appointment made by e-mail.
Learning verification modality	ORAL EXAMINATION lasting about 15 min divided into 2 questions, 1 of which relating to the diagnosis of infections of a system/apparatus (see program) and 1 more technical relating to the meaning of a diagnostic technology. A third question on the minimum indispensable knowledge can be made in the case of an unsatisfactory answer to the two questions. VERIFICATION OF CLINICAL SKILLS: interpretation of a microbiological/antibiogram report INTERNSHIP ACTIVITY: A question about a microbiological technique or diagnostic process. Final MARK: average of the marks relating to the individual courses
Extended program	Organization of the Clinical Microbiology laboratory in diagnostic sectors. Security level 2 and 3 laboratories. Direct and indirect diagnosis of bacterial, viral, fungal, protozoal infectious diseases: Microscopic and culture tests, molecular tests, serological tests, immunodiagnosis. Antibiogram and detection of antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria (methicillin resistance, vancomycin resistance, inducible resistance to macrolides/lincosamides, ESBL, carbapenemase). Microbiological diagnosis of bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal infections of the following systems and systems: cardio-circulatory system, urinary system, central nervous system, respiratory system (upper and lower respiratory tract), genitourinary system, gastrointestinal system (notes), infections of wounds and pressure sores, bones and joints (outline). Nosocomial infections and MDRO. Nosographic classification of each infectious disease (e.g.: sepsis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, septic arthritis, etc.) and of the most appropriate microbiological diagnostic approach. Formulation of the request for microbiological tests and correct reading/interpretation of the report.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	.

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

Code	GP005709
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Stefano Brancorsini
Teachers	Stefano Brancorsini
Hours	25 ore - Stefano Brancorsini
Learning activities	Caratterizzante
Area	Medicina di laboratorio e diagnostica integrata
Sector	MED/05
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

PROFESSIONALISING TRAINING IN CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Code	GP005715
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	1
Learning activities	Altro
Area	Tirocini formativi e di orientamento
Sector	MED/07
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

Cognomi A-L

CFU

1

Teacher

Antonella Mencacci

Teachers

• Antonella Mencacci

Hours

• 25 ore - Antonella Mencacci

Cognomi M-Z

CFU

1

Teacher

Antonella Mencacci

Teachers

• Antonella Mencacci

Hours

• 25 ore - Antonella Mencacci

PROFESSIONALISING TRAINING IN CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

Code	GP005714
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	1
Learning activities	Altro
Area	Tirocini formativi e di orientamento
Sector	MED/05
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

Cognomi A-L

CFU

1

Teacher

Stefano Brancorsini

Teachers

• Stefano Brancorsini

Hours

• 25 ore - Stefano Brancorsini

Cognomi M-Z

CFU

1

Teacher

Stefano Brancorsini

Teachers

• Stefano Brancorsini

Hours

• 25 ore - Stefano Brancorsini