Unit INTERGRATED SCIENCES OF HUMAN FUNCTIONS

BIOCHEMISTRY

Code	GP003873
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Tommaso Beccari
Teachers	Tommaso Beccari
Hours	20 ore - Tommaso Beccari
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	BIOS-07/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)

APPLIED BIOLOGY

Code	GP003871
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Letizia Mezzasoma
Teachers	Letizia Mezzasoma
Hours	30 ore - Letizia Mezzasoma
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	BIOS-10/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	italian
Contents	Characteristics of living organisms. Biological macromolecules. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses (general concepts). The flow of genetic information in living organisms and its regulation. The cell cycle and its control. Mutations. Reproduction in multicellular organisms: meiosis and gametogenesis. Mendelian genetics. Human genetics. Blood groups: immunological and genetic aspects.
Reference texts	R. Roberti, G. Alunni Bistocchi, C. Antognelli, V.N. Talesa – Biochemistry and Biology for Healthcare Professions – McGraw Hill. P. Bonaldo, S. Suga, R. Pierantoni, P. Riva, M.G. Romanelli – Biology and Genetics – EdiSES. Teaching materials are also available through the University's e-learning platform (Unistudium). Students with disabilities and/or Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are entitled to all compensatory and dispensatory measures provided by current legislation, in accordance with the University's guidelines.
Educational objectives	The Applied Biology module is one of the first foundational courses within the Degree Programme. Its primary aim is to provide students with the fundamental knowledge required to successfully undertake both basic science courses (Histology, Anatomy, Physiology, Microbiology, and Pathology) and more specialized subjects. The course focuses on the integrated study of the cell and living organisms, with particular emphasis on: the molecular mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of cellular organelles and structures; interactions between cells and between cells and the extracellular environment; the replication, transmission, and expression of genetic information; cell proliferation and its regulation; fundamental concepts of general and human genetics.
Prerequisites	To successfully attend the course, students are expected to have acquired basic knowledge of Chemistry and Biology, in accordance with the curricula established by the Italian Ministry of Education and covered in upper secondary schools. In particular, in order to understand biological terminology and concepts, students should possess a general knowledge of cell structure, atomic structure, chemical bonding, and simple inorganic and organic molecules.
Teaching methods	Face to face
Other information	The teaching activities, as well as the schedule of lessons and exams will be published on the web site of the Degree Course.
Learning verification modality	The exam will be integrated with the other modules. It will be a written test. The final grade will be the result of the weighted average of the three disciplines.
Extended program	Characteristics of living organisms. Biological macromolecules: proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates (general concepts). Cellular organization: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses: general characteristics. The animal eukaryotic cell. Plasma membrane: structure and functions, with particular emphasis on transport mechanisms and cell communication; cytoplasm; ribosomes; smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus; lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria and cellular energy metabolism; cytoskeleton (general concepts); nucleus and nucleolus. DNA and RNA: structure and function. Chromatin organization and chromosomes. The eukaryotic gene. Gene expression: transcription, processing of primary transcripts, genetic code, and translation. General principles of gene expression regulation. Cell cycle: interphase, DNA replication, and mitosis. Cell cycle regulation: cell cycle checkpoints and cyclin-CDK complexes. Proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Gene mutations (point mutations, missense, silent, nonsense, and neutral mutations), genomic mutations (aneuploidies and polyploidies), and chromosomal abnormalities (deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations). Normal and abnormal human karyotypes. X-chromosome inactivation. Reproduction in multicellular organisms: meiosis and its biological significance; male and female gametogenesis. Introduction to genetics: basic terminology (alleles, homozygous and heterozygous genotypes, dominance and recessiveness, genotype and phenotype). General genetics: Mendel’s laws and extensions of Mendelian inheritance (incomplete dominance, codominance, and multiple alleles). Human genetics: pedigree analysis. Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance. Sex-linked inheritance. Polygenic and multifactorial inheritance. Mitochondrial inheritance. Blood groups
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Health and wellness

MEDICAL GENETICS

Code	GP003872
Location	PERUGIA
CFU	2
Teacher	Anair Graciela Lema Fernandez
Teachers	Anair Graciela Lema Fernandez
Hours	20 ore - Anair Graciela Lema Fernandez
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	MEDS-01/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)