Unit ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF HUMANBODY

HUMAN ANATOMY

Code	GP005087
CFU	3
Teacher	Cataldo Arcuri
Teachers	Cataldo Arcuri
Hours	45 ore - Cataldo Arcuri
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	BIOS-12/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Key elements of anatomical terminology (positions, planes, axes, etc.). Cardiovascular system. Respiratory apparatus. Alimentary apparatus. Urinary apparatus. Reproductive system. Endocrine system. Central nervous system.
Reference texts	AA.VV., Anatomia Umana-FONDAMENTI, edi-ermes (volume unico, Ed. 2018). Atlante di Anatomia Umana, Netter F.H., Ed. Elsevier; Atlante di Anatomia Prometheus, EdiSES.
Educational objectives	Improving the knowledge of macroscopic and topographic anatomy of human organs, and their organization in systems and apparatuses. Understanding the anatomical correlations between organs, and the microscopic structure of the organs in relation to their functions.
Prerequisites	To effectively follow and understand the topics covered in the course is necessary for the student to have a basic knowledge biology, histology, chemistry, biochemistry and physics as it is normally acquired in high school.
Teaching methods	Face-to-face lectures with the use of powerpoint slides. Use of anatomic models related to the topics developed at lessons. The education material presented during the lectures (with the exclusion of illustrations protected by copyright) will be made available to the students in electronic format (pdf files) and it does not replace the use of suggested books.
Other information	Slides of the lessons are available at www.unistudium.unipg.it The course is part of the teaching of BASI MORFOLOGICHE E FUNZIONALI which includes three modules: Histology, Human Anatomy and Physiology I. The attendance is compulsory, at least 75% of lessons.Room first year  Scienze Infermieristiche, via Oberdan 123 Foligno.
Learning verification modality	The level of learning achieved will be assessed by a written test with single test response (duration about 70 minutes) designed to assess the knowledge of anatomy. Info on the support service for students with disability and/or DSA can be found at http://www.unipg.it/disabilita-e-dsa
Extended program	1. General organization: anatomical apparatuses and systems. 2. Skeletal system. Bones of thorax, abdomen and pelvis. 3. Cardiovascular system: heart and major vessels. 4. Respiratory apparatus: nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs (gross and microscopic anatomy). Respiratory muscles. Diaphragm. 5. Alimentary apparatus: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, salivary glands, liver, pancreas (gross and microscopic anatomy). 6. Urinary apparatus: kidney and urinary tract (gross and microscopic anatomy). 7. Reproductive system: male and female genital organs. 8. Endocrine system: general organization and principal glands. 9. Nervous system: general organization and nervous activities. 10. Spinal cord; brainstem; cerebellum; diencephalon; cerebrum. Primary, secondary and associative cortical areas. 11. Sensory system. Motor system. Cranial and spinal nerves. 12. External, middle and inner ear.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	No Poverty. Good Health and Well-Being. Decent Work and Economic Growth.

PHYSIOLOGY

Code	GP005088
CFU	1
Teacher	Bernard Fioretti
Teachers	Bernard Fioretti
Hours	15 ore - Bernard Fioretti
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	BIOS-06/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Excitability, Sensory Systems and Muscular System
Reference texts	Masetto, S., & Bossi, E. (A cura di). (2019). Fisiologia umana. Elementi. Edi.Ermes. Ferraina, S., Grassi, C., & Pagliaro, P. (2023). Fisiologia medica (Vol. 1). Edizioni A.L.E.
Educational objectives	Knowledge of the basic physiology of the neuromuscular system.
Prerequisites	Students must possess the fundamental knowledge acquired through the courses in Physics, Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Human Anatomy.
Teaching methods	Lectures
Learning verification modality	Assessment consists of in-course multiple-choice tests and oral examinations.
Extended program	Concept of homeostasis and control mechanisms. Transport mechanisms across the cytoplasmic membrane: simple diffusion, ion channels, facilitated diffusion, primary and secondary active transport. Membrane potential: mechanism of origin, Nernst equation and Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz (GHK) equation. Action potential: mechanism of generation, ion channels involved, types of propagation and the role of myelin. Electrical synapses: structure and characteristics. Chemical synapses: structure and function. Neurotransmitter release and reuptake. Types of receptors and their characteristics. Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Synaptic integration: spatial and temporal summation. Adaptation. Somatic sensation: receptors and pathways for touch, proprioception, thermoreception and nociception. Special senses: Vision (receptors, pathways, cortical processing), hearing (receptors, pathways, signal analysis), vestibular apparatus (receptors, function). Skeletal muscle: functional organization. Structural basis of contraction. Sliding filament theory. Cross-bridge cycle. Excitation–contraction coupling. Mechanics of muscle contraction. Twitch and tetanus. Isometric and isotonic contractions. Force–velocity and length–tension relationships. Fast fibers and slow fibers. Motor unit. Superficial and deep spinal reflexes: receptors involved and functional characteristics. Autonomic nervous system: functional organization. General features of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

HISTOLOGY

Code	GP005089
CFU	1
Teacher	Lorella Marinucci
Teachers	Lorella Marinucci
Hours	15 ore - Lorella Marinucci
Learning activities	Base
Area	Scienze biomediche
Sector	BIOS-13/A
Type of study-unit	Obbligatorio (Required)
Language of instruction	Italian
Contents	Epithelia. Exocrine and endocrine glands. Connective tissues tissue: extracellular matrix and cells. Adipose tissue. Types of cartilage. Bone tissue. Blood. Smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. Nervous tissue.
Reference texts	Istologia per le Professioni Sanitarie -G. Sica et al.  Ed Idelson Gnocchi.
Educational objectives	The main aim of this teaching is to provide students with the bases needed to address the study of Anatomy and Physiology. Main Knowledge acquired will be: Knowledge of  the structure and ultrastructure of cells, tissues and organs; the main competence (i.e. the ability to apply the acquired knowledge) will be:analysis of correlation between structure and function; understanding of  the physio-pathogenetic processes.
Prerequisites	In order to be able to understand the topics described within the Course, you must possess basic knowledge about Chemistry and Cell Biology. All the didactical units are mandatory
Teaching methods	Face to face with slide projections
Other information	The attendance is compulsory, at least 75% of lessons.Room first year  Scienze Infermieristiche, via Oberdan 123 Foligno.
Learning verification modality	Final oral exam lasting approximately 20 minutes and divided into 3 questions, 1 of which relating to blood. A further question on the minimum essential knowledge may be asked in the event of an unsatisfactory answer to the 3 previous questions. The final grade will be the arithmetic weighted average of the grades obtained in the individual disciplines.
Extended program	Epithelia. Exocrine and endocrine glands. Connective tissue. Extracellular matrix. The cells of the connective tissue.  Adipose tissue. Types of cartilage. Bone tissue. Blood. Smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. Nervous tissue. Nerve fibers. Interneuronic synapses. Neuromuscular synapse.
Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile	Zero poverty Health and wellness Decent work and economic growth